第一章 单元测试

1、 问题:Landscape context consists of local geographical environment and （ ）.
选项：
A:cultural environment
B:climatic environment
C:urban landscape
D:rural landscape
答案: 【
cultural environment
】

2、 问题:The most typical local context in Britain is （ ） which is regarded as the representative of ecology and culture.
选项：
A:hedgerow
B:farm
C:castle
D:meadow
答案: 【
hedgerow
】

3、 问题:The most representative local context in the American Midwest is （ ）.
选项：
A:grid
B:desert
C:canyon
D:national park
答案: 【
grid
】

4、 问题:The most representative local context of Holland is （ ）.
选项：
A:lowland
B:windmill
C:tulip
D:floating house
答案: 【
lowland
】

5、 问题:Mountain environment, arid area environment and cold area environment are the expressions of landscape （ ） characteristics.
选项：
A:context
B:feature
C:symbolic
D:style and features
答案: 【
context
】

6、 问题:The spatial relationship between landscape spatial scales is an ( ) and ( ) structure.（ ）
选项：
A:splicing
B:nested
C:parallel
D:contain
答案: 【
splicing
nested
】

7、 问题:Patchy landscapes are caused by natural disturbances, ( ) and ().（ ）
选项：
A:artificial interference
B:crop cultivation
C:environmental change
D:flooding
答案: 【
artificial interference
environmental change
】

8、 问题:Landscape ecology believes that landscape ecological space exists in the form of ( ) as a whole.（ ）
选项：
A:ecological network
B:patch
C:ecological security pattern
D:residual patch
答案: 【
ecological network
ecological security pattern
】

9、 问题:Landscape ecology believes that there is a secure network pattern for focal species, which is called （ ）.
选项：
A:ecological security pattern
B:ecological refuge
C:network trap
D:ecological network
答案: 【
ecological security pattern
】

10、 问题:Landscape spatial composition is the main factor that determines ( ) and ( ) character.（ ）
选项：
A:complexity
B:landscape context
C:landscape environment
D:attraction
答案: 【
landscape context
landscape environment
】

第二章 单元测试

1、 问题:Landscape pattern theory believes that （ ） is a land complex formed by the coupling of patches, corridors and substrates.
选项：
A:landscape pattern
B:landscape
C:land
D:landscape structure
答案: 【
landscape pattern
】

2、 问题:Landscape pattern theory believes that （ ） is the result of the adaptation of the landscape to the ecological process of the landscape and the action of the landscape environment.
选项：
A:landscape form
B:landscape structure
C:landscape function
D:landscape scale
答案: 【
landscape form
】

3、 问题:The scale of ecological processes can often be included （ ）.
选项：
A:climate-zone dominated ecological processes
B:regionally-dominated ecological processes
C:site-dominated ecological processes
D:locally-dominated ecological processes
答案: 【
climate-zone dominated ecological processes
regionally-dominated ecological processes
site-dominated ecological processes
】

4、 问题:Landscape processes mainly include natural ecological processes, environmental evolution and （ ）.
选项：
A:gravity process
B:species migration
C:wetland process
D:human process
答案: 【
human process
】

5、 问题:Landscape fragmentation can be measured from the （ ） aspect.
选项：
A:number of patches
B:patch density
C:average area
D:patch fragmentation
答案: 【
number of patches
patch density
average area
patch fragmentation
】

6、 问题:The ecological risk of fragmentation is mainly （ ）.
选项：
A:habitat loss
B:shelter loss
C:connectivity drops
D:increased isolation
答案: 【
habitat loss
shelter loss
connectivity drops
increased isolation
】

7、 问题:Landscape networks can be divided into （ ） networks.
选项：
A:corridor network (branch network/loop network)
B:patch network
C:habitat network
D:matrix network
答案: 【
corridor network (branch network/loop network)
patch network
】

8、 问题:The main indicators of landscape network measurement are （ ）.
选项：
A:node and node nensity
B:corridor and corridor density
C:network attachment
D:network connectivity
答案: 【
node and node nensity
corridor and corridor density
network attachment
network connectivity
】

9、 问题:Landscape ecosystem service theory provides （ ） basis for ecological network construction.
选项：
A:ecological space supply priority
B:ecological space demand priority
C:supply and demand match
D:network performance
答案: 【
ecological space supply priority
ecological space demand priority
supply and demand match
network performance
】

10、 问题:The length, width and （ ） of the corridor are the three basic indicators for measuring the corridor.
选项：
A:connectivity
B:uniformity
C:complexity
D:network
答案: 【
connectivity
】

11、 问题:The goal of networking is to pursue high connectivity and （ ）.
选项：
A:circularity
B:accessibility
C:fairness
D:social justice
答案: 【
accessibility
】

12、 问题:Landscape ecosystem service theory provides （ ） basis for ecological network construction.
选项：
A:ecological space supply priority
B:priority of ecological space needs
C:supply and demand match
D:network performance
答案: 【
ecological space supply priority
priority of ecological space needs
supply and demand match
network performance
】

13、 问题:Landscape ecology focuses on the systematic relationship between landscape pattern and （ ）.
选项：
A:landscape perception
B:landscape process
C:ecological process
D:ecological flow
答案: 【
landscape process
ecological process
ecological flow
】

14、 问题:Landscape pattern can be measured and characterized by a series of indices, （ ） are landscape pattern indexes .
选项：
A:landscape roughness
B:landscape fragmentation
C:landscape diversity
D:landscape complexity
答案: 【
landscape roughness
landscape fragmentation
landscape diversity
landscape complexity
】

15、 问题:Landscape ecological space C-3P framework mainly includes （ ）.
选项：
A:landscape composition
B:landscape pattern
C:landscape process
D:landscape perception
答案: 【
landscape composition
landscape pattern
landscape process
landscape perception
】

第三章 单元测试

1、 问题:Ecosystem services refer specifically to the （ ） that natural ecological space provides to humans.
选项：
A:serve
B:product
C:well-being
D:effect
答案: 【
well-being
】

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