2021 普通语言学(西北师范大学) 最新满分章节测试答案
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本课程起止时间为:2021-09-13到2022-01-31
本篇答案更新状态:已完结
【作业】Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Homework for Chapter 1
1、 问题:What are the design features of human language? Illustrate them with examples.
评分规则: 【 总分为100分。每个区别性特征各20分（定义、例子）每个区别性特征的定义、例子的解释说明完整、明确20分；每个区别性特征的定义解释明确，例子的解释较准确、但不完整15分；每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确，但例子的解释完整明确15分；每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确、例子的解释说明不完整10分；每个区别性特征只有定义的解释5分；另外，有对“区别性特征”术语的解释，加5分；语法错误和书写5分，酌情加减。
】
2、 问题:What are the major functions of language? Think of your own examples for illustration.
评分规则: 【 To answer this question, you can base yourself on either the tripartite framework or Jakobon’s model of language functions. According to the tripartite framework, there are three main functions: descriptive, expressive and social. (2)In Jakobson’s model, six functions have been specified:emotive, conative, referential, poetic, phatic communication and metalinguistic. (12)One proper example for each catergory is necessary. (6)
】
Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Test for Chapter 1
1、 问题:If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be __.
选项：
A: prescriptive
B:analytic
C:descriptive
D: linguistic
答案: 【descriptive 】
2、 问题:Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
选项：
A:Arbitrariness
B:Displacement
C:Duality
D:Meaningfulness
答案: 【Meaningfulness 】
3、 问题:Modern linguistics regards the written language as ______.
选项：
A:primary
B:correct
C:secondary
D:stable
答案: 【secondary】
4、 问题:In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because _____.
选项：
A:in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B:speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.
C:speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue
D: All of the above
答案: 【 All of the above 】
5、 问题:A historical study of language is a ____ study of language.
选项：
A:synchronic
B:diachronic
C:prescriptive
D:comparative
答案: 【diachronic 】
6、 问题:Saussure took a (n)_ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _____ point of view.
选项：
A:sociological…psychological
B:psychological…sociological
C:applied… pragmatic
D:semantic and linguistic
答案: 【sociological…psychological 】
7、 问题:According to F. de Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
选项：
A:parole
B:performance
C:langue
D:Language
答案: 【langue】
8、 问题:Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between ___ and meanings.
选项：
A:sense
B:sounds
C:objects
D:ideas
答案: 【sounds 】
9、 问题:Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called___,
选项：
A: displacement
B: duality
C: flexibility
D:cultural transmission
答案: 【 displacement 】
10、 问题:The details of any language system is passed on from one generation to the next through ____ , rather than by instinct.
选项：
A: learning
B:teaching
C: books
D:both A and B
答案: 【both A and B】
11、 问题: refers to the actual realization of the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterance.
选项：
A:Performance
B:Competence
C:Langue
D:Parole
答案: 【Performance】
12、 问题:By function people establish and maintain their status in society.
选项：
A:metalingual
B:phatic
C:performative
D:interpersonal
答案: 【interpersonal】
13、 问题:Knowing how to say something appropriate in a given situation and with exactly the effect you intend is a question of .
选项：
A:syntax
B:semantics
C:pragmatics
D:applied linguistics
答案: 【pragmatics】
14、 问题:We can understand and produce an infinitely large number of sentences including sentences we have never heard before because language is .
选项：
A:creative
B:limitless
C:arbitrary
D:resourceful
答案: 【creative】
15、 问题: answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.
选项：
A:Psycholinguistics
B:Anthropological linguistics
C:Sociolinguistics
D:Biolinguistics
答案: 【Psycholinguistics】
16、 问题:Language is .
选项：
A:instinctive
B:non-instinctive
C:static
D:genetically transmitted
答案: 【non-instinctive】
17、 问题:”Water boils at 100 degress centigrade.” The function of this sentence is .
选项：
A:phatic communion
B:informative
C:interpersonal
D:performative
答案: 【informative】
18、 问题:”Nice day, isn’t it?” What is the function of this sentence?
选项：
A:Phatic
B:Informative
C:Performative
D:Emotive
答案: 【Phatic】
19、 问题:According to Chomsky, _____ is the ideal user’s internalized knowledge of his language.
选项：
A:A. competence
B:B. parole
C:C. performance
D:D. langue
答案: 【A. competence】
20、 问题:Which of the following modes of study emphasizes the correct and standard usage of language?
选项：
A:A. descriptive
B:B. synchronic
C:C. prescriptive
D:diachronic
答案: 【C. prescriptive】
21、 问题:Whic of the following features of language makes it possible for language users to overcome the limiations of time and space in communication?
选项：
A:A. arbitrariness
B:B. duality
C:C. productivity
D:D. displacement
答案: 【D. displacement】
22、 问题:The function of the utterance “Nice weather, isn’t it?” is __.
选项：
A:A. referential
B:B. directive
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