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【作业】第一章 信息计量学概述 1.1 概念与起源

1、 问题:1 请简述信息计量学研究的基本目的?简述信息计量学研究的基本目的。息计量学研究的简述信息计量学研究的基本目的。基本目的。
评分规则: 【 信息计量学研究的基本目的,就是要引进量的概念和定量分析方法,进一步揭示信息单元(包括文献,数据,实物,消息,事件等)的体系结构和数量变化规律,从理论上提高情报学及相关信息管理学科的科学性和精确性,促使这些学科向定量阶段发展。
同时,为改善信息情报系统提供定量依据,达到高效能的科学管理,使信息交流系统经常处于最佳运行状态,提供最优化的信息服务,以便更好地解决信息服务工作中的基本矛盾,克服“信息危机”,使信息管理工作更有效地为科学技术、经济和社会发展服务。

2、 问题:2 什么叫“网络信息计量学”?请阅读附件,并回答(1) Search codes for searches on the WWW and in citation indexes.(2) Search terms for the large centres of learning in Denmark on WWW and IN Databses.(3) 本文中使用的案例分析方法,给你的启示是什么?
评分规则: 【

无标准答案,请从研究目的、研究思路设计、研究方法、数据源、结果分析、讨论和结论几个方面回答。

3、 问题:请从研究对象和研究方法两个角度,探讨传统计量学和网络计量学的异同。
评分规则: 【 无标准答案,但需要从研究对象和研究方法两个角度探讨相同点和不同点。

【作业】第一章 信息计量学概述 1.2 研究现状

1、 问题:请下载附件阅读,完成以下任务:1 这是一篇什么类型的综述?2 该综述的检索策略是什么?3 如果是你完成这种检索,请问其检索策略有什么需要改进的地方?、4 请问,综述中提到的研究内容中,涉及的指标可以归纳为几类,分别是什么?
评分规则: 【 1 系统性综述
2 Submitting a complex query:Informetric OR bibliometric OR webometric OR “citation analysis” OR “citation analyses” OR “cocitation analysis”OR“cocitation analyses”OR“co-citation analysis”OR“co-citation analyses”OR“link analysis”OR“link analyses” OR “link structure” OR “self citation” OR “self citations” OR self-citation OR self-citations OR “S&T indicator” OR “S&T indicators” OR citation map OR citation visuali* OR “science policy” OR “research policy” OR “impact factor” OR “impact factors” OR h-index OR “h index” OR Hirsch index OR “patent analysis” OR “patent analyses” OR Zipf OR Bradford OR Lotka OR “collaboration network” OR “collaboration networks” OR “coauthorship network” OR “coauthorship networks” OR “co-authorship network” OR “co-authorship networks”.Searching for articles published by authors who attended the 10th ISSI Conference (Stockholm, 2005) and the 9th International Conference on S&T Indicators (Leuven, 2006)—based on the lists of participants in these conferences.Relevant books published during the period—searching library catalogues and based on personal knowledge.Systematic coverage of the journals Scientometrics and Cybermetrics.Additional items that were referenced in the reviewed documents.
3 无标准答案,但需要言之有物。
4 无标准答案,但需要对指标有明确解释,归纳合理。

第一章 信息计量学概述 第一章测试

1、 问题:The roots of bibliometrics reach back to the (  ) bcentury.
选项:
A:17th
B:18th
C:19th
D:20th
答案: 【18th

2、 问题:In 1926, (   ) published his pioneering study on the frequency distribution of scientific productivity determined from a decennial index (1907–1916) of Chemical Abstracts.
选项:
A:Alfred J. Lotka
B:Samuel C. Bradford
C:V.V. Nalimov
D:A.I. Yablonsky
答案: 【Alfred J. Lotka

3、 问题:In 1927, Gross and Gross examined 3633 citations from the 1926 volume of the journal (   ).
选项:
A:JOD
B:JASIST
C:JACS
D:PNAS
答案: 【JACS

4、 问题:In his book entitled (    )  (1963), Derek J. de Solla Price analysed the recent system of science communication and thus presented the first systematic approach to the structure of modern science applied to the science as a whole.
选项:
A:“Little Science – Big Science”
B:Documentation
C:Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort
D:Citation analysis
答案: 【“Little Science – Big Science”

5、 问题:Robert K. Merton represents the  (         )  view of scientometrics.
选项:
A:bibliometricians’
B:mathmaticians’
C:economists’
D:sociologists’
答案: 【sociologists’

6、 问题:“Dept. Science Dynamics” at Amsterdam University has been renamed/restructured several times. It is headed by "                ".
选项:
A: Loet Leydesdorff
B:Atnhony van Raan
C:Eugene Garfield
D:Wolfgang Glänzel
答案: 【 Loet Leydesdorff

7、 问题:Co-citation analysis has been proposed for the structural mapping of science by small and Marshakova in (        ).
选项:
A:1969
B:1972
C:1973
D:1983
答案: 【1973

8、 问题:(       )   opened bibliometrics to a broader user group among scientists and bibliometric “semi-professionals”.
选项:
A:Database availability
B:Hardware development
C:Software development
D:Networking and the web
答案: 【Software development

9、 问题:The Flemish Indicator Book on Science, Technology and Innovation covers a comparably broad spectrum and appears biennially since (            ).
选项:
A:1999
B:1986
C:1994
D:2001
答案: 【1999

10、 问题:The special course “Measuring Science” is held at (   )  at Leiden University.
选项:
A:CAAS
B:CWTS
C:CNRS
D:USDA
答案: 【CWTS

11、 问题:There are two or three terms which are nowadays used almost simultaneously for quantitative and evaluative science studies. They are
选项:
A:Pritchard Bibliometrics
B:Nalimov and Mulchenko Scientometrics
C:Otto Nacke Informetrics
D:D. Price Cybermetrics
答案: 【Pritchard Bibliometrics;
Nalimov and Mulchenko Scientometrics;
Otto Nacke Informetrics

12、 问题:Primary tasks of early bibliometrics include Monitoring, describing and modelling of the                ,                           ,  and                 of knowledge.
选项:
A:modeling
B:production
C:dissemination
D:use
答案: 【production;
dissemination;
use

13、 问题:The pioneers of bibliometrics are
选项:
A:Lotka
B:Gross and Gross
C:Bradford
D:Zipf
答案: 【Lotka;
Gross and Gross;
Bradford;
Zipf

14、 问题:Price paved the way for future scientometric research, including: 
选项:
A:growth model
B:studied scientometric transactions
C:impact factor
D:citation network
答案: 【growth model;
studied scientometric transactions;
citation network

15、 问题:The institutionalisation process, which set in in the late 1970s and mainly took place in the 1980s, is characterised by the following important activities, including
选项:
A:Higher education
B:Structured scientific research
C:Documented scholarly communication
D:Public perception and visibility
答案: 【Higher education;
Structured scientific research;
Documented scholarly communication;
Public perception and visibility

16、 问题:Who are the D. Price Awardee?
选项:
A:E. Garfield
B:R. Rousseau
C:H. Small
D:O. Persson
答案: 【E. Garfield;
R. Rousseau;
H. Small;
O. Persson

17、 问题:20世纪90年代中期,巴克兰(Buckland)认为信息有三种含义,分别是:
选项:
A:生物信息
B:社会信息
C:过程信息
D:事物信息
答案: 【过程信息;
事物信息

18、 问题:which are Funding mechanisms and research assessment exercises,
选项:
A:STI
B:Research Assessment Exercise

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