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本课程起止时间为:2020-10-23到2021-01-22
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Chapter 1 General Introduction of International Environmental Law

1、 问题:The Stockholm Declaration also recognizes that the environment of natural resources should be distinguished from the _____ environment, which includes in particular the living and working environment.
选项：
A:legal
B:define
C:man-made
D:of
答案: 【man-made】

2、 问题:The legal definition of the environment and related concepts is important at two levels. At a general level, it defines the scope of the___ subject and its competence.
选项：
A:legal
B:define
C:man-made
D:about
答案: 【legal】

3、 问题:Moreover, the international environmental law aims to protect the global environment through the ____of sets of standards.
选项：
A:legislative
B:bilaterally
C:enforcement
D:brave
答案: 【enforcement】

4、 问题: The proper functions of international environmental law are___, administrative and adjudicative functions.
选项：
A:legislative
B:bilaterally 
C:enforcement
D:forcement
答案: 【legislative】

5、 问题:Some environmental treaties, now provide for ‘compensatory’ finance to be made available to developing countries to enable them to meet certain ‘incremental costs’ of implementing their obligations, and meanwhile, provide for subsidiary bodies to verify compliance and _______.
选项：
A: failure
B:acceptance
C:implementation
D:imply
答案: 【implementation】

6、 问题:Moreover, certain developed countries will be well placed to benefit from the adoption of stringent environmental standards, while others will be concerned about the threat to their economic competitiveness which results from the______ to adopt similar stringent standards.
选项：
A:failure
B:acceptance
C:implementation
D:important
答案: 【failure】

7、 问题: The environment is broader than nature, but it includes nature.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

8、 问题:The administrative function of international environmental law aims to provide mechanisms or fora to prevent and peacefully settle disputes which arise between members of the international community, involving the use of natural resources or the conduct of activities which will impact upon the environment.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

9、 问题:In the earlier years, most environmental treaties provide for financial resources to be made available to compensate for the additional costs of protective measures.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

10、 问题:The precautionary principle aims to provide guidance in the development and application of international environmental law where there is scientific uncertainty.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

Chapter 2 The History of the International Environmental Law

1、 问题: It sought to ensure the conservation of wildlife in the African, including the use of trade restrictions on the export of certain skins and furs, reflecting a desire to combine regulatory___ with economic incentives.
选项：
A:address
B:instruments
C: techniques
D:of
答案: 【 techniques】

2、 问题:International environmental law has evolved over at least four distinct periods. The second period began with the creation of the UN in 1945 and ___with the UN Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm in June 1972.
选项：
A: competence
B:culminated
C:provisions
D: of
答案: 【culminated】

3、 问题:The third one is a Declaration containing Principles, reflecting a compromise between those states. They believed it should stimulate public awareness __and concern for environmental issues.
选项：
A:adoption
B:assessment
C:of
D:for
答案: 【of】

4、 问题:With potentially global application, these treaties address the dumping of waste at sea, pollution from ships, the trade_ endangered species and the protection of world cultural heritage.
选项：
A:comprises
B:substance
C:in
D: of
答案: 【in】

5、 问题:A range of international organizations with ___in environmental matters was created. Legal instruments were adopted at both the regional and global level. 
选项：
A:competence
B:culminated
C:provisions 
D: about
答案: 【competence】

6、 问题:The most significant achievements of the Stockholm Conference were the creation of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the __of Principle.
选项：
A:adoption
B:assessment
C:of
D:for
答案: 【adoption】

7、 问题: International environmental law has evolved over at least four distinct periods. The first period from the creation of the United Nations to Stockholm conference.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

8、 问题:Until October 1948, governmental actors established the first major international organization to address environmental issues. It was the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

9、 问题:The 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment is also called the 1972 Rio Conference.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

10、 问题:The 1982 World Charter is not binding.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

【作业】Chapter 2 The History of the International Environmental Law 单元作业（一）

1、 问题:I. Answer the following questions: 1. What is the definition of the international environment law?2. What are the functions of the international environment law?3. How about the place of science in international environmental decision-making?
评分规则: 【 可以使用英语答题，也可以使用汉语答题。(使用英语答题会酌量加分)
】

2、 问题:II. Cases Description:1. Name out one case to illustrate that the definition of the ‘environment’ assumes particular significance in relation to efforts to establish rules governing liability for damage to the environment.  2. During the first period of the development of the international environmental law, two environmental disputes were submitted to international arbitration. One is the Pacific Fur Seal Arbitration. Another is the Trail Smelter case. Please give more introduction about these two cases.
评分规则: 【 可以使用英语答题，也可以使用汉语答题。(使用英语答题会酌量加分)
】

Chapter 3 The Actors of Global Environment Governance

1、 问题:International organizations perform five main functions，the last function is to provide an independent ______, or mechanism, for the settlement of disputes, usually disputes between states.
选项：
A:act
B:forum
C:require
D:function
答案: 【forum】

2、 问题:As we have said, it was only in the late 1960s, the General Assembly began to ______ the protection of the environment and the conservation of natural resources.
选项：
A:address
B: convene
C:provide
D:perform
答案: 【address】

3、 问题:Although its resolutions are not formally binding, the General Assembly has made many decisions, which have created new bodies, convened some conferences, ______ many principles and substantive rules.
选项：
A:provided
B:enforce 
C:endorsed
D:address
答案: 【endorsed】

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