2022大学慕课答案 2020秋医学物理实验(山东大学) 最新大学MOOC满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2020-10-10到2020-12-31
本篇答案更新状态:已完结

绪论 Introduction 绪论测验 Introduction test

1、 问题:        的出现，使生命科学进入到分子水平。With the appearance of                  , life science has entered the molecular level.
选项：
A:X射线衍射技术 X-ray diffraction technique
B:望远镜 telescope
C:指南针 compass
D:电子显微镜 electron microscope
E:光学显微镜 optical microscope
答案: 【X射线衍射技术 X-ray diffraction technique】

2、 问题:以下说法错误的是：The following statement is wrong:
选项：
A:真值a是不可测得的，所以通常取算数平均值取代真值.The true value a is not measurable, so the true value is usually replaced by the arithmetic mean.
B:相对误差通常用残差除以x的平均值乘以百分之百来表示。The relative error is usually expressed as the average of the residuals divided by x multiplied by 100%.
C:算数平均值与真值的误差落在[-σ,σ ]范围内的概率为38.3%。The probability that the error between arithmetic mean and true value falls within the range of [-σ,σ ], is 38.3% .
D:有效数字的运算中，284.6-21.3542的结果取为263.2In the calculation of significant numbers, the result of 284.6-21.3542 is 263.2.
答案: 【算数平均值与真值的误差落在[-σ,σ ]范围内的概率为38.3%。The probability that the error between arithmetic mean and true value falls within the range of [-σ,σ ], is 38.3% .】

3、 问题:以下说法正确的选项是：The correct choice is as follows，
选项：
A:绝对误差一般保留一位有效数字.The absolute error generally retains one significant digit.
B:测量误差的有效位数的修约原则是：五下舍，五上入，逢五凑偶。The principle of rounding off the significant digits of measurement error is,Give up less than five, Carry over 5, It’s exactly five, making the first bit even.
C:加减法运算结果的非准确位与参与运算的所有数字中非准确位数值最小者相同.The result of addition and subtraction is the same as the least of all the digits involved in the operation.
D:乘除法运算结果的位数与所有参与运算的数字中有效数字位数最多的相同.The number of digits in the result of multiplication and division is the same as that of all the digits involved in the operation.
答案: 【绝对误差一般保留一位有效数字.The absolute error generally retains one significant digit.】

4、 问题:已知X=(98.7±0.3)cm，Y=(16.238±0.006)cm，Z=(24.36±0.08)cm，求N=X+Y+ZGiven that X=(98.7±0.3)cm，Y=(16.238±0.006)cm，Z=(24.36±0.08)cm，Find N=X+Y+Z
选项：
A:N=(119.3 ± 0.4) (cm)
B:N=(139.3 ± 0.4) (cm)
C:N=(119.3 ± 0.3) (cm)
D:N=(139.3 ± 0.5) (cm)
答案: 【N=(139.3 ± 0.4) (cm)】

5、 问题:立方体的长L=(22.455±0.002)mm，高 H=(90.35±0.03)mm，宽 B=(279.68±0.05)mm ，则立方体体积V表示为：If the length of the cube L = (22.455 ± 0.002) mm, H = (90.35 ± 0.03) mm, and width B = (279.68 ± 0.05) mm, then the volume V of the cube is expressed as follows,
选项：
A:567417.37104^3
B:(5674±3)×10^2 mm^3 
C:(5674±5)×10^2 mm^3 
D:567400±300 mm^3 
E:567400±500 mm^3 
答案: 【(5674±3)×10^2 mm^3 】

6、 问题:      的显像结果可在分子水平上反映人体是否存在生理或病理变化.The results of                 imaging can reflect whether there are physiological or pathological changes in human body at the molecular level.
选项：
A:X-CT
B:PET
C:红外成像 infrared imaging
D:负电子计算机CT成像Negative electron computer CT imaging
答案: 【PET】

7、 问题:以下说法正确的是：The following is true:
选项：
A:现代生物学研究的最终目的是以物理学和化学解释生物学.The ultimate goal of modern biological research is to explain biology by physics and chemistry.
B:医学物理学是物理学的重要分支学科.Medical physics is an important branch of physics.
C:随着现代物理学迅速发展，医学已从宏观形态进入微观机制研究，从细胞水平上升到分子水平研究.With the rapid development of modern physics, medicine has entered the research of micro mechanism from macro morphology, from cell level to molecular level
D:目前微电子学和电子计算机技术为标志的科学技术革命，从根本上讲来源于20世纪初物理学的原子结构理论、相对论、电动力学三大成就.At present, the scientific and technological revolution marked by microelectronics and electronic computer technology originates from three achievements of physics in the early 20th century, namely, atomic structure theory, relativity theory and electrodynamics
E:没有物理学技术的发展，医学研究的深入几乎是不可能的。Without the development of physical technology, it is almost impossible for medical research to go deep.
答案: 【现代生物学研究的最终目的是以物理学和化学解释生物学.The ultimate goal of modern biological research is to explain biology by physics and chemistry.;
医学物理学是物理学的重要分支学科.Medical physics is an important branch of physics.;
随着现代物理学迅速发展，医学已从宏观形态进入微观机制研究，从细胞水平上升到分子水平研究.With the rapid development of modern physics, medicine has entered the research of micro mechanism from macro morphology, from cell level to molecular level;
没有物理学技术的发展，医学研究的深入几乎是不可能的。Without the development of physical technology, it is almost impossible for medical research to go deep.】

8、 问题:精密度是与“真值”之间的一致程度，是系统误差与随机误差的综合。Precision is the degree of consistency with "true value", and is the synthesis of systematic error and random error.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】
分析：【精确度是与“真值”之间的一致程度，是系统误差与随机误差的综合。
Accuracy is the degree of consistency with “true value”, and is the synthesis of systematic error and random error.】

9、 问题:ln15.6的结果取为3.75 The result of ln15.6 is 3.75
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

10、 问题:物理仿真实验通过计算机把实验设备、教学内容、教师指导和学生的操作有机地融合为一体，通过对实验环境的模拟，加强学生对实验的物理思想和方法、仪器的结构及原理的理解，并加强对仪器功能和使用方法的训练，培养设计思考能力和比较判断能力，实现了培养动手能力，学习实验技能，深化物理知识的目的。Physical simulation experiment organically integrates experimental equipment, teaching content, teacher’s guidance and students’ operation through computer. Through the simulation of experimental environment, students’ understanding of the physical thought and method of experiment, the structure and principle of instrument, the training of instrument function and use method are strengthened, and the ability of design thinking and comparative judgment is cultivated. The purpose of training practical ability, learning experimental skills and deepening physical knowledge is realized.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

11、 问题:科普知识涵盖了科学领域的各个方面，无论是物理、化学、生物各个学科，还是日常生活无不涉及到科普知识。Popular science knowledge covers all aspects of science, whether physics, chemistry, biology, or daily life.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

【作业】绪论 Introduction 第一次作业 First assignment

1、 问题:   一个串联电路，五次测得通过电阻R 的电流Ii 分别为0.212A，0.214A，0.208A，0.212A，0.211A，同时测得电阻两端相应电压降Ui分别为42.22V，42.18V，42.20V，42.24V，42.28V。求：（1）求出每次测得的电阻值。（2）根据上述结果求电阻的平均值及其绝对误差、相对误差，并写出测量结果。     For a series circuit, the current Ii through the resistance R measured five times is 0.212A, 0.214A, 0.208A, 0.212A, 0.211A. At the same time, the corresponding voltage drop Ui at both ends of the resistance is 42.22V, 42.18V, 42.20V, 42.24V, 42.28V.Request: (1) get the resistance value measured each time.(2) According to the above results, request the average value of resistance and its absolute error and relative error, and write down the measurement results.
评分规则: 【 （1）每次测得的电阻值分别为：199W，197W，203W，199W，200W。（2）则电阻的平均值为：200W。绝对误差为：1W       相对误差为：0.5%则结果表示为：R=(200±1) W,     E=0.5% 最后俩结果正确即满分100分。结果不完全正确，则每个结果10分(1) The measured resistances are 199W, 197W, 203W, 199W and 200W.(2) The average value of resistance is 200WThe absolute error is 1 W，The relative error is 0.5%，The results are as follows:R=(200±1) W,  E=0.5%。The final two results are correct, that is, the full score is 100.If the result is not completely correct, then each result has 10 points.
】

实验二 用拉脱法测定液体表面张力系数 Determination of liquid surface tension coefficient by pull off method 实验二 用拉脱法测定

1、 问题:关于零点读数，以下说法正确的是：For zero readings, what is the correct statement of the following options?
选项：
A:零点读数的位置是固定的The position of the zero reading is fixed
B:在每次测量的过程中，零点读数的位置可以移动During each measurement, the position of the zero reading can be moved
C:零点读数的位置可以根据测量情况调整，其位置可以改变The position of zero point reading can be adjusted according to the measurement situation, and its position can be changed
D:不挂金属框测量弹簧的倔强系数时的零点读数，与挂上金属框测量表面张力时的零点读数是一样的。The zero reading when measuring the spring’s stubborn coefficient without hanging the metal frame is the same as that when hanging the metal frame to measure the surface tension.
答案: 【零点读数的位置可以根据测量情况调整，其位置可以改变The position of zero point reading can be adjusted according to the measurement situation, and its position can be changed】

2、 问题:给定液体的表面上一段分界线的长度时L，其表面张力的大小和方向是？Given the length L of a dividing line on the surface of a liquid, what is the magnitude and direction of the surface tension?
选项：
A:表面张力与L成正比，力与L垂直且沿液面的切线方向The surface tension is proportional to L, and the force is perpendicular to L and along the tangent direction of the liquid surface
B:表面张力与L成正比，力与L垂直且与液面垂直指向液体内部.The surface tension is proportional to L, and the force is perpendicular to L and perpendicular to the liquid surface and points to the interior of the liquid.
C:The surface tension is proportional to L, and the force is perpendicular to L and perpendicular to the liquid surface and points to the interior of the liquid.
D:表面张力与L成正比，力指向液体内部The surface tension is proportional to L, and the force points to the interior of the liquid.
答案: 【表面张力与L成正比，力与L垂直且沿液面的切线方向The surface tension is proportional to L, and the force is perpendicular to L and along the tangent direction of the liquid surface】

3、 问题:一矩形金属线框结有表面张力系数为a的液膜，有一边是可滑动的，其长为L，如果用力F使滑动边匀速且无摩擦地拉开距离x，此时液膜的表面能比原来：A rectangular metal wire frame junction has a liquid film with a surface tension coefficient a, one side of which is sliding and its length is L. if the force F makes the sliding edge move at a constant speed without friction, the surface energy of the liquid film is compared with the original one，
选项：
A:增加了2 a LxAdded 2 a Lx
B:增加了2FxAdded 2Fx
C:增加了FLAdded FL
D:增加了FLxAdded FLx
答案: 【增加了2 a LxAdded 2 a Lx】

4、 问题:焦利氏秤上的弹簧是挂在可以上下移动的有刻度的管子上的，管外面套有外管，外管上有游标，旋转旋钮即可使管上下移动。该游标是十分度的，那么其最小读数值为？The spring on Jolly’s scale is hung on a graduated tube which can be moved up and down. The tube is covered with an outer tube, and there is a vernier on the outer tube. The tube can be moved up and down by turning the knob. The cursor is ten degrees, so its minimum reading value is?
选项：
A:0.1mm
B:0.01mm
C:1.0mm
D:0.001mm
答案: 【0.1mm】

5、 问题:当液面在毛细管中低于毛细管外液面时，液体在毛细管中的接触角为？When the liquid level in the capillary is lower than that outside the capillary, the contact angle of the liquid in the capillary is?
选项：
A:锐角 Acute angle
B: 直角 right angle
C:钝角 Obtuse angle
D:0与π间Between 0 and π
答案: 【钝角 Obtuse angle】

6、 问题:调节焦利氏称时，三线重合是指哪些线：When the Joule scale is adjusted, which lines are overlapped by three lines?
选项：
A:玻璃管上的标线 The marking line on glass tube
B:玻璃管上的标线在镜中的像The image of the mark on the glass tube in the mirror
C:细金属杆上镜子的标线在玻璃管中的像The image of the line of a mirror on a thin metal rod in a glass tube
D:细金属杆上镜子的标线Marking lines for mirrors on thin metal rods
答案: 【玻璃管上的标线 The marking line on glass tube;
玻璃管上的标线在镜中的像The image of the mark on the glass tube in the mirror;
细金属杆上镜子的标线Marking lines for mirrors on thin metal rods】

7、 问题:液体的表面张力系数大小，与哪些因素有关？Which factors are related to the surface tension coefficient of liquid？
选项：
A:温度 Temperature
B:液体本身的性质 Properties of liquid itself
C:所含的杂质 Impurities contained
D:测量仪器的精密度 Precision of measuring instrument
答案: 【温度 Temperature;
液体本身的性质 Properties of liquid itself;
所含的杂质 Impurities contained】

8、 问题:日常生活中的表面吸附现象有：The surface adsorption phenomena in daily life are as follows:
选项：
A:水面上的油膜Oil film on water
B:活性炭过滤水Activated carbon filter water
C:面粉洗葡萄Washing grapes with flour
D:扫地机器人扫地Sweeping robot sweeps the floor
答案: 【水面上的油膜Oil film on water;
活性炭过滤水Activated carbon filter water;
面粉洗葡萄Washing grapes with flour】

9、 问题:测量过程中，铁支架可适当移动以方便读数During the measurement, the iron bracket can be moved properly to facilitate reading
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

10、 问题:金属框下端全没入水中，即使金属框略倾斜也不会影响表面张力的大小。The lower end of the metal frame is completely submerged in the water, even if the metal frame is slightly inclined, The size of surface tension will not be affected.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】
分析：【金属框下端全没入水中，金属框底边应平行于液面。
The lower end of the metal frame shall be submerged in water, and the bottom edge of the metal frame shall be parallel to the liquid surface.】

11、 问题:本实验测量弹簧弹性系数时，砝码盘可以挂着金属框进行实验，这时候的零点和不挂金属框时的零点位置不同。In this experiment, when measuring the spring elastic coefficient, the weight plate can be hung with a metal frame, and the zero point position is different when the metal frame is not hung.
选项：

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