2021 Pharmacology(Shandong University)1465475454 最新满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2021-09-06到2022-09-18

chapter 1 Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics

1、 问题:After withdrawal of the drug, the drug concentration is below the threshold, but its pharmacological effects still exists. The phenomenon is called
选项：
A: idiosyncratic reaction
B:toxic reaction
C: side reaction
D:residual effect
E:withdrawal reaction 
答案: 【residual effect】

2、 问题:A 55-year-old woman with hypertension is to be treated with a thiazide diuretic. Thiazide A in a dose of 5 mg produces the same decrease in blood pressure as 500 mg of Thiazide B. Which of the following statements best describes these results?
选项：
A:Thiazide A is more efficacious than Thiazide B
B:Thiazide A is about 100 times more potent than Thiazide B
C:Toxicity of thiazide A is less than that of Thiazide B
D:Thiazide A has a wider therapeutic window than Thiazide B
E:Thiazide A has a longer half-life than Thiazide B
答案: 【Thiazide A is about 100 times more potent than Thiazide B】

3、 问题:Efficacy means
选项：
A:the concentration at which the drug elicits 50% of its maximal effect
B:the maximal effect produced by the drug
C:the dose at which 50% of subjects exhibit a therapeutic response to a drug
D:the dose at which 50% of subjects dies
E:the dose at which 50% of subjects exhibit a toxic reaction
答案: 【the maximal effect produced by the drug】

4、 问题:A 20-year-old student is given a prescription for asthma, which the physician states has a very high therapeutic index. Which of the statements best characterizes the drug as it relates to the therapeutic index?
选项：
A:The drug’s serum levels will likely need to be carefully monitored.
B:The drug is likely to cross the blood-brain barrier.
C:The drug is likely to have extensive drug-drug interactions.
D:The drug is likely to have higher safety.
E:The drug is likely to work soon.
答案: 【The drug is likely to have higher safety.】

5、 问题:In the existence of noncompetitive antagonist, the dose effect curve of the agonist
选项：
A:does not change 
B: will shift to the right, but the Emax will decrease
C:parallelly shift to the left
D:parallelly shift to the right
E:will shift to the left, but the Emax will decrease
答案: 【 will shift to the right, but the Emax will decrease】

6、 问题:Which of the following descriptions about idiosyncratic reaction is (are) correct?
选项：
A:It is quite likely due to genetically abnormalities of enzymes and receptors.
B:Hemolytic anemia caused by Primaquine in patients with erythrocyte deficiency of G6PD is a kind of idiosyncratic reaction.
C:It is allergic reaction.
D:Barbiturates caused hangover on the second morning is idiosyncratic reaction.
E:It usually happens at high doses of the agents. 
答案: 【It is quite likely due to genetically abnormalities of enzymes and receptors.;
Hemolytic anemia caused by Primaquine in patients with erythrocyte deficiency of G6PD is a kind of idiosyncratic reaction.】

7、 问题:Which of the following descriptions about graded dose–response relationship is (are) correct?
选项：
A:The effects are generated using scalar responses such as change in blood pressure
B:x axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with log concentration
C:y axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with percentage of Emax
D:x axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with drug concentration
E: y axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with percent individuals responding
答案: 【The effects are generated using scalar responses such as change in blood pressure;
x axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with log concentration;
y axis in graded dose–response curves is expressed with percentage of Emax】

Chapter3 Factors affecting drug effects Factors affecting drug effects

1、 问题: After repeated administration, the response of the body to the drug decreased, this phenomenon is 
选项：
A:selectivity of drugs
B:tolerance of drugs
C:dependency of the organism
D:habituation
E:neither is correct
答案: 【tolerance of drugs】

2、 问题:The factors influencing the drug’s action include
选项：
A:the drug preparations
B:the route of administration
C: the drug interactions 
D:the sex, age and nutrition of the patient
E: the function of liver and kidney
答案: 【the drug preparations;
the route of administration;
 the drug interactions ;
the sex, age and nutrition of the patient;
 the function of liver and kidney】

chapter2 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetics

1、 问题:Lipid diffusion has the following characteristics except that
选项：
A:It is along the concentration gradient
B:It does not expend energy
C:It is not a saturable process
D:It depends on relatively high lipid solubility
E:Ionization of drugs may markedly increase their ability to permeate membranes.
答案: 【Ionization of drugs may markedly increase their ability to permeate membranes.】

2、 问题:A weak acidic drug with pKa =3.5, what is the percentage of non-ionic form in gastric juice with pH =2.5? 
选项：
A:99.9%
B:0.99%
C:90.9%
D:9.09%
E:9%
答案: 【90.9%】

3、 问题:The first-pass elimination occurs most often after which rout of drug administration
选项：
A:sublingual
B:subcutaneous
C:intravenous
D:intramuscular
E:oral
答案: 【oral】

4、 问题:In which of the following conditions, the weak acidic drug phenobarbital will have the longest effect
选项：
A:urine pH = 3
B:urine pH = 4
C:urine pH = 5
D:urine pH = 6
E:urine pH = 7
答案: 【urine pH = 3】

5、 问题:A drug with t1/2 = 4hrs is given intravenously, the steady state of plasma concentration can be expected within
选项：
A:3 hours
B:6 hours
C: 10 hours
D:14 hours
E:20 hours
答案: 【20 hours】

6、 问题:Which of the following administrations would reach Css immediately?
选项：
A:frequent administration by intravenous injection
B:increasing administration interval
C:increasing times of administration
D:decreasing administration interval
E:administration of loading dose
答案: 【administration of loading dose】

7、 问题:Drugs binding with plasma protein have the following characteristics
选项：
A:rapid excretion
B:rapid metabolism
C:no pharmacological activity
D: difficult passing through biomembrane barrier
E:rapid distribution
答案: 【no pharmacological activity;
 difficult passing through biomembrane barrier】

Chapter5 Cholinoceptor agonists Cholinoceptor agonists

1、 问题:Which of the following does NOT belong to muscarinic actions caused by M-receptor activation?
选项：
A:Heart depression
B:Vessel dilation
C:Smooth muscle contraction
D:Glands secretion increased
E:Mydriasis 
答案: 【Mydriasis 】

2、 问题:The effect of pilocarpine on eye is 
选项：
A:miosis, increase intraocular pressure and spasm of accomadation 
B:miosis, decrease intraocular pressure and spasm of accomadation 
C: mydiasis, increase intraocular pressure and spasm of accomadation
D:mydiasis, increase intraocular pressure and paralysis of accomadation
E:miosis, decrease intraocular pressure and paralysis of accomadation 
答案: 【miosis, decrease intraocular pressure and spasm of accomadation 】

3、 问题:The most useful drug for patient with myasthenia gravis is
选项：
A:pilocarpine
B:atropine
C:neostigmine
D:acetylcholine 
E:Tubocurarine
答案: 【neostigmine】

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