2022 系统解剖学（全英文）(浙江大学)1467060491 最新满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2022-02-14到2022-06-24

第1章 绪论 Introduction练习

1、 问题:A coronal plane divides the body into which of the following?
选项：
A:anterior and posterior portions  
B:superior and inferior portions  
C:lateral and medial portions 
D:anterior and medial portion 
E:internal and external portion 
答案: 【anterior and posterior portions  】

2、 问题:In the international accepted ‘anatomical position’, the feet are together and the palms of the hands face to ？
选项：
A:anteriorly 
B:posteriorly 
C:laterally
D:medially
E:superiorly
答案: 【anteriorly 】

3、 问题:The area of the body nearer to the front (shown as direction C on the image) is referred to as ？
选项：
A:medial
B:anterior 
C:lateral 
D:superficial 
E:posterior
答案: 【anterior 】

4、 问题:A horizontal plane divides the body into which of the following? 
选项：
A:distal and proximal portions 
B:superior and inferior portions 
C:anterior and posterior portions 
D:internal and external portions 
答案: 【superior and inferior portions 】

5、 问题:What is a normal human body temperature? 
选项：
A:36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) 
B:37.5 or 38.3 °C (99.5 or 100.9 °F) 
C:40.0 or 41.5 °C (104.0 or 106.7 °F) 
D:36.5–38.0 °C (97.7–100.4 °F) 
答案: 【36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) 】

第1章 绪论 Introduction测验

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:Which is not correct for descripting standard anatomical position?
选项：
A:keep upright
B:eyes are straight ahead
C:Hands and toes are forward
D:Palm and toe forward
E:The upper limbs hang on both sides of the trunk
答案: 【Hands and toes are forward】

2、 问题:Which plane divides the body into left and right (sinister and dexter) portions?
选项：
A:horizontal plane
B:sagittal plane
C:coronal plane
D:frontal plane
E:transverse plane
答案: 【sagittal plane】

3、 问题:The sagittal and coronal sutures meet at the: 
选项：
A:bregma
B:asterion
C:pterion
D:lambda
E:glabella
答案: 【bregma】

4、 问题:As shown in following picture, what does B indicate?
选项：
A:coronal plan
B:sagittal plane
C:horizontal plane
D:transverse plane
E:coronal plane
答案: 【sagittal plane】

5、 问题:What is the anatomical name for the sole of the foot?
选项：
A:the dorsum
B:the plantar surface
C:the palmar surface
D:the external surface
E:the anterior surface
答案: 【the plantar surface】

6、 问题:Which surface of the hand is shown by point 3 in the following picture?
选项：
A:the plantar surface
B:the dorsal surface
C:the palmar surface
D:the lateral surface
E:the medial surface
答案: 【the dorsal surface】

7、 问题:Two areas located on the same side of the body (left or right) are said to be
选项：
A:ipsilateral
B:contralateral
C:mediolateral
D:circumlateral
E:heteromeral
答案: 【ipsilateral】

8、 问题:Two areas located on opposite sides of the body are said to be
选项：
A:circumlateral
B:contralateral
C:ipsilateral
D:mediolateral
E:heteromeral
答案: 【contralateral】

9、 问题:What is a normal human body temperature? 
选项：
A:36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) 
B:37.5 or 38.3 °C (99.5 or 100.9 °F) 
C:40.0 or 41.5 °C (104.0 or 106.7 °F) 
D:36.5–38.0 °C (97.7–100.4 °F) 
E:36.0–37.5 °C (96.8–99.5 °F) 
答案: 【36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) 】

10、 问题:Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?
选项：
A:horizontal plane
B:sagittal plane
C:coronal plane
D:frontal plane
E:transverse plane
答案: 【coronal plane】

11、 问题:What is the position of the eye relative to the ear and nose?
选项：
A:medial; lateral
B:lateral; medial
C:internal; external
D:external; internal
答案: 【medial; lateral】

第2章 骨学总论 关节学总论 Bone & articular 练习

1、 问题:A  69-year-old woman fracture her humerus during a motor vehicle accident. Which of these types of bone will most likely be seen in a biopsy taken from the healing arez?
选项：
A:Woven
B:Cancellous
C:Compact
D:Spongy
E:Trabecular
答案: 【Woven】

2、 问题:An 18-year-old boy was suspected of having leukemia. It was decided to confirm the diagnosis by performing a bone marrow biopsy. The following statements concerning this procedure are correct except which one? 
选项：
A:The biopsy was  taken from the lower end of the tibi
B:Red bone marrow specimens can be obtained from the sternum orthe iliac crests
C:At birth, the  marrow of all bones of the body is red and hematopoietic
D:The blood-forming activity of bone marrow in many long bones gradually lessens with age, and the red marrow is gradually replaced by yellow marrow
E:By the time the person becomes adult, red marrow is restricted to the bonesof the skull, the vertebral column, the thoracic cage, the girdle bones, and the head of the humerus and femur
答案: 【The biopsy was  taken from the lower end of the tibi】

3、 问题:From the anatomical position, turning the palm to face the body is an example of …
选项：
A:medial rotation
B:lateral rotation
C:circumduction
D:adduction
E:flexion
答案: 【medial rotation】

4、 问题:Lifting the shoulders towards the ears is an example of …
选项：
A:Elevation
B:Circumduction
C:Rotation
D:Extension
E:Eversion
答案: 【Elevation】

5、 问题:A 7-year-old boy is referred to the endocrine clinic with short stature, rhizomelic shortening of the arms and legs, a disproportionately long trunk, trident hands, midfacial hypoplasia, prominent forehead (frontal bossing), thoracolumbar gibbus, and megalencephaly. Radiological examination by MRI reveals caudal narrowing of the interpedicular spaces of T1 and T2 vertebrae and spinal stenosis at L2 to L4. Genetic analysis reveals a gain of function mutation, G1138A, in the fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 (FGFR3), band 4p16.3.His parents are requesting the initiation of treatmentwith growth hormone. The endocrinologist is concerned about harmful growth hormone effects: deposition of abnormally formed bone and worsening of the patient’s kyphoscoliosis. During this child’s postnatal development, which one of the following is the most likely effect of the FGFR3 gene mutation?
选项：
A:Decreased bone deposition under the periosteum
B:Decreased proliferation of osteoblasts in the primary ossification center
C:Decreased proliferation of osteoblasts in the secondary ossification center
D:Decreased appositional growth of chondroblasts in the primary ossification center
E:Decreased interstitial growth of chondroblasts in the epiphyses
答案: 【Decreased interstitial growth of chondroblasts in the epiphyses】

第2章 骨学总论 关节学总论 Bone & articular 测验

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:Which bone does belong to the long bone?
选项：
A:sternum
B:costal bone
C:humerus
D:parietal bone
E:scapula
答案: 【humerus】

2、 问题:Which bone does belong to the short bone？
选项：
A:occipital bone
B:temporal bone
C:cuboid bone
D:fibula
E:ischium
答案: 【cuboid bone】

3、 问题:Which bone does belong to the flat bone？
选项：
A:tibia
B:patella
C:sphenoid bone
D:zygomatic bone
E:costal bone
答案: 【costal bone】

4、 问题:Which bone does belong to the irregular bone？
选项：
A:vertebrae
B:phalanges of fingers
C:sternum
D:radius
E:ulna
答案: 【vertebrae】

5、 问题:The bone which have the diaphysis and epiphysis is
选项：
A:short bone
B:flat bone
C:long bone
D:irregular bone
E:sesamoid bone
答案: 【long bone】

6、 问题:The structure which plays the hematopoietic function is
选项：
A:yellow marrow
B:spongy bone
C:periosteum
D:red marrow 
E:compact bone
答案: 【red marrow 】

7、 问题:Which is the accessory structure of synovial joint?
选项：
A:articular surface, articular disc, ligament
B:ligament ,articular capsule, articular surface
C:ligament, articular cavity, articular disc
D:articular cavity ,synovial fold, synovial bursa
E:articular labrum, ligament, synovial fold
答案: 【articular labrum, ligament, synovial fold】

8、 问题:Pulling the jaw back is an example of
选项：
A:retrusion
B:abduction
C:depression
D:revover
E:restore
答案: 【retrusion】

9、 问题:Pushing the jaw forwards is an example of
选项：
A:reposition
B:protrusion
C:retrusion
D:extension
E:extrusion
答案: 【protrusion】

10、 问题:Flexing the foot at the ankle is called
选项：
A:inversion
B:dorsiflexion
C:plantarflexion
D:flexion
E:extension
答案: 【dorsiflexion】

11、 问题:Extending the foot at the ankle is called 
选项：
A:dorsiflexion
B:inversion
C:plantarflexion
D:flexion
E:extension
答案: 【plantarflexion】

12、 问题:Lifting the shoulders towards the ears is an example of 
选项：
A:elevation
B:extension
C:eversion
D:inversion
E:flexion
答案: 【elevation】

13、 问题:What is the anatomical name for pushing down the shoulders?
选项：
A:contraction
B:abduction
C:depression
D:flexion
E:eversion
答案: 【depression】

14、 问题:How many bones does a normal adult have?
选项：
A:204
B:206
C:208
D:200
E:210
答案: 【206】

15、 问题:Which of the following is one of the most commonly fractured bones of the body?
选项：
A:the calcaneus
B:a rib
C:the clavicle
D:the tibia
E:the vertebra
答案: 【the clavicle】

16、 问题:How many major types of synovial joint are there?
选项：
A:6
B:8
C:3
D:4
E:5
答案: 【6】

17、 问题:The metatarsophalangeal joints are which type of synovial joints? 
选项：
A:saddle joints 
B:hinge joints
C:condyloid joints
D:pivot joints
E:spheroidal joints
答案: 【condyloid joints】

18、 问题:The knee joint is a compound of two synovial joint types; what are they?
选项：
A:a condyloid and a plane joint
B:a condyloid and a saddle joint
C:a saddle and a hinge joint
D:a condyloid and a pivot joint
E:a plane joint and a pivot joint
答案: 【a condyloid and a saddle joint】

19、 问题:Due to it’s very loose joint capsule, the most mobile joint of the human body is the
选项：
A:the acetabulofemoral joint
B:the radiocarpal joint
C:glenohumeral joint
D:knee joint
E:ankle joint
答案: 【glenohumeral joint】

20、 问题:Which type of synovial joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
选项：
A:saddle joint
B:pivot joint
C:hinge joint
D:ellipsoidal joint
E:plane joint
答案: 【saddle joint】

21、 问题:The fibrous joint between the tibia and the fibula (the distal tibiofibular joint), which allows slight movement, is an example of _____
选项：
A:symphysis
B:syndesmosis
C:gomphosis
D:connection
E:articular disc
答案: 【syndesmosis】

22、 问题:The pubic symphysis is a type of _____
选项：
A:synostosis
B:plane joint
C:cartilaginous joint
D:synchondrosis
E:suture
答案: 【cartilaginous joint】

23、 问题:A band of fibrous connective tissue connecting one bone to another is called ______
选项：
A:ligament
B:tendon
C:muscle
D:articulation
E:suture
答案: 【ligament】

24、 问题:Label number 1 in the diagram indicates which part of the bone?
选项：
A:metaphysis
B:diaphysis
C:medullary cavity
D:periosteum
E:compact bone
答案: 【metaphysis】

25、 问题:Which bone does belong to the long bone?
选项：
A:sternum
B:costal bone
C:femur
D:parietal bone
E:scapula
答案: 【femur】

26、 问题:The structure that functions as hematopoietic is ______
选项：
A:red marrow
B:yellow marrow
C:periosteum
D:spongy bone
E:compact bone
答案: 【red marrow】

27、 问题:Intramembranous ossification differs from endochondral ossification in the _
选项：
A:Action of osteoblasts
B:Light microscopic appearance of the adult bone
C:Ultrastructural appearance of the adult bone
D:Presence of woven bone early in the ossification process
E:Microenvironment in which ossification occurs
答案: 【Microenvironment in which ossification occurs】

28、 问题:The structure that functions as regeneration and repair is ______
选项：
A:red marrow
B:yellow marrow
C:periosteum
D:spongy bone
E:compact bone
答案: 【periosteum】

29、 问题:The sternoclavicular joint
选项：
A:has two separate joint cavities
B:lies at the level of the second costal cartilage
C:is strengthened by the conoid ligament
D:is a fibrous joint
E:has none of the above properties
答案: 【has two separate joint cavities】

30、 问题:What do we mean by an "articulation"?
选项：
A:a cavity within a bone
B:a small, rough projection or bump
C:an area where bones contact each other
D:a prominent ridge
E:a small, flattened articular surface
答案: 【an area where bones contact each other】

31、 问题:Which one of the following is plane joint?
选项：
A:The shoulder joint
B:The radiocarpal joint
C:The tarsometatarsal joint
D:The interphalangeal joint
E:The lateral atlantoaxial joint
答案: 【The tarsometatarsal joint】

第3章 躯干骨及其连接 Trunk bone & joints 练习

1、 问题:A resident physician is performing a pelvic examination on a young woman. The fingers of one of her hands are in the patient’s vagina, planting the cervix.   The other hand is pressing on the abdomen. With the palm of this hand,the   physician feels a bony structure in the lower midline. This structure is most likely the
选项：
A:Pubis
B:Coccyx
C:Ilium
D:Ischium
E:Sacrum
答案: 【Pubis】

2、 问题:A neonate has a prominent defect at the base of this spine through which his meninges and spinal cord protrude. A failure of which the following processes is the most common cause of this type of defect?
选项：
A:Fusion of the vertebral arches
B:Development of the body
C:Development of the pedicle
D:Development of primary vertebral ossification centers
E:Development of the superior articular process
答案: 【Fusion of the vertebral arches】

3、 问题:A surgeon is first on the scene after a serious automobile accident. He finds a passenger bleeding profusely from the neck and correctly surmises that bleeding is from the carotid artery. To control the bleeding, the surgeon can compress the carotid artery against the anterior tubercle of which the following vertebrae?
选项：
A:Sixth cervical
B:Second cervical
C:Third   cervical
D:Fourth cervical
E:Fifth   cervical
答案: 【Sixth cervical】

4、 问题:A resident physician demonstrating the correct technique for inserting a subclavian central venous line. He has a medical student palpate the clavicle, then the chest wall below it. The first bony structure that can be palpated below the inferior margin of the medical portion of the clavicle is the
选项：
A:second rib
B:acromion
C:atlas
D:first rib
E:manubrium
答案: 【second rib】

5、 问题:During a football game,a player sustain a powerful blow to the lateral side of weight-bearing leg. He experiences excruciating knee pain and is unable to talk. The three structures most likely to be injured are the 
选项：
A:anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus
B:anterior cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments and the lateral meniscus
C:posterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the lateral meniscus
D:posterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and medial meniscus
E:anterior cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus
答案: 【anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus】

第3章 躯干骨及其连接 Trunk bone & joints 测验

1、 问题:Concerning the intervertebral disc, the right description is
选项：
A:22 in number in adults
B:is a symphysis between vertebral arches
C:is composed of anulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus
D:the nucleus pulposus protrude anterorlaterally easily
E:the anulus fibrosus is an inner soft, highly elastic structure
答案: 【is composed of anulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus】

2、 问题:A 68-year-old man is admitted to the hospital due to severe back pain. Radiologic examination reveals severe osteoporosis of the vertebral column, with compression fractures to vertebrae L4 and L5. Which of the following parts of the vertebrae are most likely to be fractured in this patient?
选项：
A:Spinous process
B:Vertebral bodies
C:Transverse process
D:Superior articular process
E:Intervertebral disc
答案: 【Vertebral bodies】

3、 问题:Concerning the cervical vertebrae, the right description is
选项：
A:all cervical vertebrae have vertebral body and articular process
B:the first cervical vertebra has no transverse foramen
C:the end of the spinous process of the cervical vertebrae bifurcated entirely
D:the articular facets are relatively horizontal
E:the first cervical vertebra is called axis
答案: 【the articular facets are relatively horizontal】

4、 问题:Sacrum
选项：
A:is made up of four fused vertebrae
B:the base of it is downward
C:the auricular surface is on the anterior surface
D:the anterior sacral foramina is not communicating with sacral canal
E:have four pairs of posterior sacral foramina
答案: 【have four pairs of posterior sacral foramina】

5、 问题:Sternum
选项：
A:is made of manubrium and xiphoid
B:the sternal angle connects the fourth costal cartilage laterally
C:the body has a series of articular facets with the first to seventh costal cartilages laterally
D:the body has the jugular notch
E:the sternal angle lies opposite the lower border of T4 posteriorly
答案: 【the sternal angle lies opposite the lower border of T4 posteriorly】

6、 问题:Concerning the ribs, the right description is
选项：
A:the ribs are eleven in number on each side
B:1st~8th Ribs are called true ribs
C:8th~11th Ribs are called false ribs
D:the anterior end is called costal angle
E:the posterior end of rib enlarged to form the costal head
答案: 【the posterior end of rib enlarged to form the costal head】

7、 问题:Inferior angle of scapula marks the level of
选项：
A:the 2th rib
B:the 7th rib
C:the spine of the 2nd thoracic vertebra
D:the spine of the 7th thoracic vertebra
E:the spine of the 10th thoracic vertebra
答案: 【the 7th rib】

8、 问题:Which ligaments associate with the lamina of vertebral arch adjacently?
选项：
A:anterior longitudinal ligament
B:posterior longitudinal ligament
C:ligamenta flava
D:interspinal ligament
E:supraspinal ligament
答案: 【ligamenta flava】

9、 问题:Sternoclavicular joint
选项：
A:is the only joint between the upper limb and the trunk
B:is formed by the sternal end of the clavicle and the clavicular notch of sternum
C:its capsule is thin and loose
D:has no the articular disc
E:it can elevate and depress only
答案: 【is the only joint between the upper limb and the trunk】

10、 问题:Which joint has the articular disc?
选项：
A:shoulder joint
B:sternoclavicular joint
C:elbow joint
D:hip joint
E:talocrural joint
答案: 【sternoclavicular joint】

11、 问题:A 39-year-old man presents with severe neck pain after a whiplash injury, sustained when his car was struck from the behind. Radiologic studies reveal trauma to the ligament lying on the front surface of the cervical vertebral bodies. Which ligament is most likely disrupted?
选项：
A:Anterior longitudinal ligament
B:Ligamentum flavum
C:Nuchal ligament
D:Posterior longitudinal ligament
E:Transverse cervical ligament
答案: 【Anterior longitudinal ligament】

12、 问题:40-year-old woman survived a car crash in which her neck was hyperextended when her vehicle was struck from behind. At the emergency department, a plain radiograph of her cervical spine revealed a fracture of the odontoid process (dens). Which of the following was also most likely injured?
选项：
A:Anterior arch of the atlas
B:Posterior tubercle of the atlas
C:Atlanto-occipital joint
D:Inferior articular process of the axis
E:Anterior tubercle of the atlas
答案: 【Anterior arch of the atlas】

13、 问题:A 29-year-old female elite athlete was lifting heavy weights during an intense training session. The athlete felt severe pain radiate suddenly to the posterior aspect of her right thigh and leg. The patient was taken to the hospital where an MRI was performed, and the result picture has been shown below. Which nerve was most probably affected?
选项：
A:L3
B:L4
C:L2
D:L5
E:S1
答案: 【L5】

14、 问题:A heavily built, middle-aged man running down a flight of stone steps misjudged the position of one of the steps and fell suddenly onto his buttocks. Following the fall, he complained of severe bruising of the area of the cleft between the buttocks and persistent pain in this area. The following statements concerning the patient are correct except which?
选项：
A:The lower end of the vertebral column was traumatized by the stone step
B:The coccyx can be palpated beneath the skin in the natal cleft
C:The anterior surface of the coccyx can not be felt clinically
D:The coccyx is usually severely bruised or fractured
E:The pain is felt in the distribution of dermatomes S4 and S5
答案: 【The anterior surface of the coccyx can not be felt clinically】

15、 问题:During an automobile accident, a person sustains a "broken neck" and after a small bony fragment is driven into his spinal cord. Form which of the following bones was this fragment most likely derived?
选项：
A:Atlas
B:Axis
C:Seventh cervical vertebrae
D:Sixth cervical vertebrae
E:Fifth cervical vertebrae
答案: 【Axis】

16、 问题:A resident physician demonstrating the correct technique for inserting a subclavian central venous line. He has a medical student palpate the clavicle, then the chest wall below it. The first bony structure that can be palpated below the inferior margin of the medical portion of the clavicle is the
选项：
A:acromion
B:atlas
C:first rib
D:manubrium
E:second rib
答案: 【second rib】

17、 问题:A surgeon is first on the scene after a serious automobile accident. He finds a passenger bleeding profusely from the neck and correctly surmises that bleeding is from the carotid artery. To control the bleeding, the surgeon can compress the carotid artery against the anterior tubercle of which the following vertebrae?
选项：
A:second cervical
B:third cervical
C:fourth cervical
D:fifth cervical
E:sixth cervical
答案: 【sixth cervical】

18、 问题:A resident physician is performing a pelvic examination on a young woman. The fingers of one of her hands are in the patient’s vagina, planting the cervix. The other hand is pressing on the abdomen. With the palm of this hand,the physician feels a bony structure in the lower midline. This structure is most likely the
选项：
A:Coccyx
B:Ilium
C:Ischium
D:Pubis
E:Sacrum
答案: 【Pubis】

【作业】第3章 躯干骨及其连接 Trunk bone & joints 作业

1、 问题:Please try to describe the components of trunk bone, and classify them according to shape.
评分规则: 【 Trunk bone has 51 bones, containing 24 vertebraes (7 cervical vertebraes, 12 thoracic vertebraes, 5 lumbar vertebraes), 1 sacrum (fused by 5 sacral vertebraes), 1 coccyx (fused by 3-4 caudal vertebraes), 1 sternum and 12 pairs of costal bones. 
Vertebraes, sacrum and coccyx belong to irregular bone.Sternum and costal bones belong to flat bone.
】

第4章 四肢骨及其连接 Upper limb 练习

1、 问题: A 24-year-old man present with pain in his right wrist that resulted when he fall hard on his outstretched that hand. Radiographic studies indicate an anterior dislocation of a proximal row carpal row carpal bone. Which of the following bones was dislocates?
选项：
A:Capitate
B:Lunate
C:Scaphoid
D:Trapezoid
E:Triquetrum
答案: 【Lunate】

2、 问题:A 26-year-old accountant trips over a brief case and falls onto his outstretched hand. You suspect a fracture of a carpal bone. Which of the following is most likely fractured?
选项：
A:pisiform
B:lunate
C:triquetrum
D:scaphoid
E:capitate
答案: 【scaphoid】

3、 问题:A 72-year-old woman trips over the edge of the carpet and falls forward onto the floor. A common reflex reaction to tripping and falling forward is to extend ones hands to ease the impact of striking the floor. She presents to the ER holding her left arm with her right hand. There is an obvious posterior displacement of the left distal wrist and hand that looks like a dinner fork. Which bone(s) is/are likely involved in a classic Colles fracture?
选项：
A:Always the ulna and sometimes the radius
B:Always the radius and sometimes the ulna
C:Always the ulna and sometimes the scaphoid
D:Always the radius and sometimes the trapezium
E:Only the ulna
答案: 【Always the radius and sometimes the ulna】

4、 问题:A workman accidentally lacerated his wrist major in the ulnar side, as long as the half of the transverse wrist. On exploration of the wound, a vessel and nerve are found to have been severed, but no muscle tendons were damaged. Which of the following thumb movements would be abolished?
选项：
A:Abduction
B:Adduction
C:Extension
D:Opposition
E:Flexion
答案: 【Adduction】

5、 问题:A 52-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after being found in the park where apparently he had lain overnight after a fall. He complains of severe pain in the left arm. Physical examination suggests that he has a broken humerus, which is confirmed radiologically. The patient can extend the forearm at the elbow, but supination appears to be somewhat weak; the hand grasp is very weak when compared with the uninjured arm. Neurologic examination reveals an inability to extend the wrist ("wrist drop"). Since these findings point to apparent nerve damage, the patient is scheduled for a surgical reduction of the fracture. Two sets of movements occur at the elbow: flexion-extension and supination-pronation. The number of degrees of freedom at the radiohumeral joint is …
选项：
A:one
B:two
C:three
D:four
E:five
答案: 【two】

6、 问题:A 23-year-old woman wearing high-heeled shoes inverts and sprains her while running down a flight of stairs. Which of the following ligaments did she most likely injure?
选项：
A:Anterior talotibial
B:Calcaneofibular
C:Calcaneotibular
D:Deltoid
E:Medical collateral
答案: 【Calcaneofibular】

7、 问题:An elderly woman with ostepoprosis is taken the emergency department following a fall. One of her legs appears shortened and is externally rotated. A fracture of which part of the femur is suggested by these finding?
选项：
A:greater trochanter
B:Lateral epicondyle
C:Medical epicondyle
D:Neck
E:Shaft
答案: 【Neck】

8、 问题:A 26-year-old man was running across a field when he caught his right foot in a rabbit hole. As he fell, the right foot was violently rotated laterally and overeverted. On attempting to stand, he could place no weight on his right foot. On examination by a physician, the right ankle was considrably swollen, especially on the lateral side. After further examination, including a radiograph of the ankle, a diagnosis of severe fracture dislocation of the ankle joint was made. The following statements concerning this patient are correct except which?
选项：
A:This type of fracture dislocation is caused by forced external rotation and overeversion of the foot.
B:The talus is extennally rotated against the lateral malleolus of the fibula, causing it to fracture.
C:The torsion effect on the lateral malleolus produces a spiral fracture.
D:The medial ligament of the ankle joint is strong and never ruptures.
E:If the talus is forced to move farther laterally and continues to rotate, the posterior inferior margin of the tibia will be sheared off.
答案: 【The medial ligament of the ankle joint is strong and never ruptures.】

9、 问题: A patient experienced a prolonged stay in one position during a recent surgery and postoperative recovery that resulted in compression of the common peroneal nerve against the fibular head. Inversion of the foot is still intact although weakened. Which of the following motor deficits would be most likely to occur?
选项：
A:Loss of extension at the knee
B:Loss of plantar flexion
C:Loss of flexion at the knee
D:Loss of eversion
E:Loss of medial rotation of the tibia
答案: 【Loss of eversion】

10、 问题:A 71-year-old grandmother falls halfway down the basement stairs while carrying a laundry basket. She does not lose consciousness, but sits at the bottom of the stairs "gathering her wits" and the scattered laundry. She Halfway does not think she fractured any bones as she can move all her limbs. Her husband, who hears the noise helps her stand up. It is then that she feels a slight pain in her left hip on weight bearing. She limps for the rest of the day. The next morning her husband brings her into their family physician’s office where it is noted that she walks with her pelvis tilted as if her left leg is slightly shorter than the right. She still has left hip pain. A plain film is ordered of the left femur from hip to the knee expecting to find which one of the following?
选项：
A:Femoral neck fracture with compression
B:Femoral neck fracture with complet displacement
C:A spiral fracture of the femoral shaft
D:A transverse supracondylar fracture
E:An intercondylar fracture
答案: 【Femoral neck fracture with compression】

第4章 四肢骨及其连接 Upper limb 测验

1、 问题:During a football game,a player sustain a powerful blow to the lateral side   of weight-bearing leg. He experiences excruciating knee pain and is unable to   talk. The three structures most likely to be injured are the  
选项：
A:anterior cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments and the lateral meniscus 
B:anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus 
C:posterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the lateral meniscus
D:posterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and medial meniscus
E:anterior cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus 
答案: 【anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligaments and the medial meniscus 】

2、 问题:Where is the “sulcus for radial nerve” located？
选项：
A:humerus
B:radius
C:ulna
D:femur
答案: 【humerus】

3、 问题:In which direction,  the dislocation of the shoulder joint most likely to occur?
选项：
A:posterior
B:anterior
C:anterior inferior
D:lateral
答案: 【anterior inferior】

4、 问题:A 72-year-old woman trips over the edge of the carpet and falls forward onto the floor. A common reflex reaction to tripping and falling forward is to extend ones hands to ease the impact of striking the floor. She presents to the ER holding her left arm with her right hand. There is an obvious posterior displacement of the left distal wrist and hand that looks like a dinner fork. Which bone(s) is/are likely involved in a classic Colles fracture?
选项：
A:Always the ulna and sometimes the radius
B:Always the radius and sometimes the ulna
C:Always the ulna and sometimes the scaphoid
D:Always the radius and sometimes the trapezium
E:Only the ulna
答案: 【Always the radius and sometimes the ulna】

5、 问题:Scapula
选项：
A:It is a free upper limb bone
B:The inferior angle of scapula is at the same level as the superior border of the 7th rib
C:The line of the inferior angle of the scapula passes through the 7th thoracic spine process
D: The coracoid process is a projection of the Lateral scapular notch
答案: 【 The coracoid process is a projection of the Lateral scapular notch】

6、 问题:About the clavicle
选项：
A:It is a free upper limb bone
B:The medial 1/3 of the clavicle is convex to the front
C:The clavicle supports the upper limb bone
D:A common fracture of the clavicle is at the intersection of the middle and outer 1/3
答案: 【A common fracture of the clavicle is at the intersection of the middle and outer 1/3】

7、 问题:Which of the following belongs to the structure of the ulna?
选项：
A:radial notch
B:carpal articular surface
C:sulcus for ulnar nerve
D:ulnar notch
答案: 【radial notch】

8、 问题:Which of the following statements about the ulna is false?
选项：
A:The upper end of the ulna is small and the lower end is thick
B:The lower end of the ulna has the styloid process of the ulna
C:The upper end of the ulna has the trochlear notch
D:The upper part of the ulna has the radial notch on the radial notch
答案: 【The upper end of the ulna is small and the lower end is thick】

9、 问题:Which of the following is not the anatomical landmark of the scapula
选项：
A:acromion
B:coracoid process
C:glenoid cavity
D:spine of scapula
答案: 【glenoid cavity】

10、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the free upper limb bone
选项：
A:the humerus
B:the ulna
C:the radius
D:the clavicle
答案: 【the clavicle】

11、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the ulna structure?
选项：
A:olecranon
B:ulna notch
C:radial notch
D:the styloid process of ulna
答案: 【ulna notch】

12、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the proximal carpal column?
选项：
A:scaphoid bone
B:pisiform bone
C:triquetral bone
D:hamate bone
答案: 【hamate bone】

13、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the radial structure?
选项：
A:radial tuberosity
B:radial notch
C:ulna notch
D:head of radial
答案: 【radial notch】

14、 问题:What structures can be involved in the repair of damage bone？
选项：
A:compact bone
B:articular cartilage
C:periosteum
D:bone marrow
答案: 【periosteum】

15、 问题:The type of femoral fracture most likely to result in avascular necrosis of the femoral head in adults is ….
选项：
A:Acetabular
B:Cervical
C:Intertrochanteric (between the trochanters)
D:Subtrochanteric
E:Midfemoral shaft
答案: 【Cervical】

16、 问题:An elderly woman with ostepoprosis is taken the emergency department following a fall. One of her legs appears shortened and is externally rotated. A fracture of which part of the femur is suggested by these finding?
选项：
A:Greater trochanter
B:Lateral epicondyle
C:Medical epicondyle
D:Neck
E:Shaft
答案: 【Neck】

17、 问题:Which of the following structures is located at the upper end of the femur?
选项：
A:greater trochanter
B:surgical neck
C:greater tubercle
D:lateral condyle
答案: 【greater trochanter】

18、 问题:Which of the following ligaments limits the posterior movement of the tibia
选项：
A:posterior cruciate ligament
B:anterior cruciate ligament
C:patellar ligament
D:ligament of the head of the femur
答案: 【posterior cruciate ligament】

19、 问题:Where is the place that femur breaks the most often?
选项：
A:neck of femur
B:intertrochanteric line
C:shaft of femur
D:lateral condyle
答案: 【neck of femur】

20、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the free lower limb?
选项：
A:the femur
B:the tibia
C:the fibula
D:the hip bone
答案: 【the hip bone】

21、 问题:Which of the following is true of the femur？
选项：
A:It’s the longest bone in the human body
B:The femoral head meets the obturator foramen
C:The femoral head is concave below the shaft of the femur
D:The body of the femur has a linea aspera in front
答案: 【It’s the longest bone in the human body】

22、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the tibial surface marker?
选项：
A:tibial tuberosity
B:medial malleolus
C:medial condyle
D:lateral malleolus
答案: 【lateral malleolus】

23、 问题:Which of the following is true about the ischium?
选项：
A:The body of ischium forms the posterior fifth of the acetabulum
B:The lesser sciatic notch is located above the ischial spine
C:The greater sciatic notch is part of the ischium
D:The lowest position of the ischial tuberosity is palpable on the body surface
答案: 【The lowest position of the ischial tuberosity is palpable on the body surface】

24、 问题:Which of the following is a palpable sign of femur on the body surface?
选项：
A:femoral head
B:neck of femur
C:greater trochanter
D:linea aspera
答案: 【greater trochanter】

25、 问题: Which of the following is true about the pubic bone?
选项：
A:It forms a fifth of the lower part of the acetabulum
B:The obturator foramen consists of the pubis
C:The pectin pubis terminates forward at the pubic tubercle
D:Superior ramus of pubis combine with ramus of ischium
答案: 【The pectin pubis terminates forward at the pubic tubercle】

26、 问题:Which of the following is true of the obturator foramen?
选项：
A:The obturator foramen is enclosed by the pubis and ischium
B:The obturator foramen consists of the ilium, pubis, and ischium
C:The obturator foramen is formed by the sacrum and the ischium
D:The obturator foramen lies behind and above the hip bone
答案: 【The obturator foramen is enclosed by the pubis and ischium】

27、 问题:Which of the following is true about the acetabulum?
选项：
A:It is also known as the acetabular fossa
B:The semicircular articular surface of the fossa is lunate surface
C:It lies on the inner and lower sides of the hip bone
D:It consists of the ilium and the ischium
答案: 【The semicircular articular surface of the fossa is lunate surface】

28、 问题:Which of the following statements about the pelvis is true？
选项：
A:With the boundary as the boundary, it can be divided into the greater pelvis and the lesser pelvis
B:When upright, the male pelvis tilts more than the female
C:The opening under the lesser pelvis is flat
D:The male pelvis is oval and the female pelvis is heart-shaped
答案: 【With the boundary as the boundary, it can be divided into the greater pelvis and the lesser pelvis】

29、 问题:Which of the following is true about tarsal bone？
选项：
A:It’s made up of eight bones
B:Arranged in two columns
C:Tarsal bone is located above the front and calcaneus is located below the back
D:The front end of the calcaneus is connected to the die bone
答案: 【The front end of the calcaneus is connected to the die bone】

30、 问题:What is the bone that makes up the knee joint?
选项：
A:Femur, tibia
B:Femur, tibia,fibula
C:Femur, tibia, fibula, patella
D:Femur, tibia, patella
答案: 【Femur, tibia, patella】

31、 问题:A perilunate fracture dislocation is a devastating closed injury of the wrist. It usually results from a fall where the weight of the body is transferred onto the wrist. The hand is caught in the hyperextended and ulnar deviated position. The fracture dislocation involves rupture of interosseous ligaments, joints, and ultimately dislocation/fracture of the lunate bone. In the anatomical position, which carpal bone lies directly distal to the lunate?
选项：
A:capitate
B:hamate
C:scaphoid
D:trapezoid
E:triquetrum
答案: 【capitate】

32、 问题:Which of the following is a carpal bone?
选项：
A:triquetral bone
B:pisiform bone
C:scaphoid bone
D:capitate bone
答案: 【triquetral bone;
pisiform bone;
scaphoid bone;
capitate bone】

33、 问题:The elbow joints include
选项：
A:humeroulnar joint
B:humeroradial joint
C:proximal radioulnar joint
D:radiocarpal joint
答案: 【humeroulnar joint;
humeroradial joint;
proximal radioulnar joint】

34、 问题:About the menisci，which is right？
选项：
A:The medial meniscus is large and has a "C" shape
B:The lateral meniscus is smaller and has an "O" shape
C:Easy to be injured
D:It’s part of the knee joint
答案: 【The medial meniscus is large and has a "C" shape;
The lateral meniscus is smaller and has an "O" shape;
Easy to be injured;
It’s part of the knee joint】

【作业】第4章 四肢骨及其连接 Draw your favorite organ

1、 问题:Draw your favorite organ, and write a few words about why you like it.You can do it any way you want. Pencil sketch？Oil painting？All of these are ok.Take pictures of your best work and upload them. We will show excellent works in the discussion sections, and give them extra points as a reward.（You can upload pictures and other attachments on the web）
评分规则: 【 scientificity and beautiful
】

第5章 颅骨及其连接 Skull & joints 练习

1、 问题:Temporomandibular joint
选项：
A:is formed by mandibular fossa and head of mandible
B:has intracapsular ligment
C:the extracapsular ligament is the medial ligament 
D:has the articular disc
E:the temporomandibular joint is dislocated only backward
答案: 【has the articular disc】

2、 问题:In a basketball game, a player’s face was hit accidentally by another player in ball passing process, transparent fluid flowed out of nose. In this situation, what’s the damaged part causing such fluid flow?
选项：
A:Frontal bone
B:Nasal bone
C:Lacrimal bone
D:Ethmoid bone
E:Zygomatic bone
答案: 【Ethmoid bone】

3、 问题:Which is the weakest part of skull?
选项：
A:Nasal bone
B:Lacrimal bone
C:Pterion
D:Orbit
E:Inferior nasal bone
答案: 【Pterion】

4、 问题:Which bone is the only one that’s not connected to another? 
选项：
A:the skull
B:the cuboid
C:the hyoid
D:abdominal ribs
E:sternum
答案: 【the hyoid】

5、 问题:The smallest bone in the human body is the
选项：
A:stapes
B:phalange
C:nasal bone
D:middle turbinate
E:inferior turbinate
答案: 【stapes】

6、 问题:How many pairs of bones are there in facial skull?
选项：
A:6 pairs
B:7 pairs
C:5 pairs 
D:4 pairs
E:3 pairs
答案: 【6 pairs】

7、 问题:The medial wall of ethmoid labyrinth has
选项：
A:superior nasal concha and middle nasal concha
B:superior nasal concha and inferior nasal concha
C:middle nasal concha and inferior nasal concha
D:ethmoid bone
E:lacrimal bone
答案: 【superior nasal concha and middle nasal concha】

8、 问题:Except mandible and hyoid bone, skull bones are connected by
选项：
A:suture and cartilage
B:synostosis
C:suture
D:cartilage joint
E:fibrous joint
答案: 【suture and cartilage】

9、 问题:Components of sphenoid bone don’t include
选项：
A:soma
B:greater wing
C:lesser wing
D:pterygoid process
E:squamous part
答案: 【squamous part】

10、 问题:Hypophysial fossa is located in
选项：
A:soma of sphenoid bone
B:greater wing of sphenoid bone
C:lesser wing of sphenoid bone
D:occipital bone
E:petrous part of temporal bone
答案: 【soma of sphenoid bone】

11、 问题:In augmentation rhinoplasty, which is usually used as supply of nasal cartilage?
选项：
A:costal cartilage
B:intervertebral disc
C:cartilage on ears
D:epiphysial cartilage
E:coccyx
答案: 【costal cartilage】

12、 问题:The connection between frontal bone and posterior parietal bone is 
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:lambdoid suture
C:sagittal suture
D:external occipital protuberance 
E:synostosis
答案: 【coronal suture】

13、 问题:The connection between bilateral parietal  bones is
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:sagittal suture
C:lambdoid suture
D:external occipital protuberance
E:synostosis
答案: 【sagittal suture】

14、 问题:The connetion between bilateral parietal bones and occipital bone is
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:sagittal suture
C:lambdoid suture
D:external occipital protuberance
E:synostosis
答案: 【lambdoid suture】

第5章 颅骨及其连接 Skull & joints 测试

1、 问题:Temporomandibular joint
选项：
A:is formed by mandibular fossa and head of mandible
B:has intracapsular ligment
C:the extracapsular ligament is the medial ligament 
D:has the articular disc
E:the temporomandibular joint is dislocated only backward
答案: 【has the articular disc】

2、 问题:In a basketball game, a player’s face was hit accidentally by another player in ball passing process, transparent fluid flowed out of nose. In this situation, what’s the damaged part causing such fluid flow?
选项：
A:Frontal bone
B:Nasal bone
C:Lacrimal bone
D:Ethmoid bone
E:Zygomatic bone
答案: 【Ethmoid bone】

3、 问题:Which is the weakest part of skull?
选项：
A:Nasal bone
B:Lacrimal bone
C:Pterion
D:Orbit
E:Inferior nasal bone
答案: 【Pterion】

4、 问题:Which bone is the only one that’s not connected to another? 
选项：
A:the skull
B:the cuboid
C:the hyoid
D:abdominal ribs
E:sternum
答案: 【the hyoid】

5、 问题:The smallest bone in the human body is the
选项：
A:stapes
B:phalange
C:nasal bone
D:middle turbinate
E:inferior turbinate
答案: 【stapes】

6、 问题:Infection of __ is most likely to lead to headache, diplopia and fever.
选项：
A:paranasal sinus
B:cavernous sinus
C:frontal sinus
D:ethmoidal sinus
E:sphenoidal sinus
答案: 【cavernous sinus】

7、 问题:There are __ in the root of greater wing in sphenoid bone from anterior to posterior.
选项：
A:foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum
B:foramen rotundum, foramen spinosum, foramen ovale
C:foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen rotundum
D:foramen ovale, foramen rotundum, foramen spinosum
E:foramen spinosum, foramen ovale, foramen rotundum
答案: 【foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum】

8、 问题:How many pairs of bones are there in facial skull?
选项：
A:6 pairs
B:7 pairs
C:5 pairs 
D:4 pairs
E:3 pairs
答案: 【6 pairs】

9、 问题:The medial wall of ethmoid labyrinth has
选项：
A:superior nasal concha and middle nasal concha
B:superior nasal concha and inferior nasal concha
C:middle nasal concha and inferior nasal concha
D:ethmoid bone
E:lacrimal bone
答案: 【superior nasal concha and middle nasal concha】

10、 问题:Except mandible and hyoid bone, skull bones are connected by
选项：
A:suture and cartilage
B:synostosis
C:suture
D:cartilage joint
E:fibrous joint
答案: 【suture and cartilage】

11、 问题:Components of sphenoid bone don’t include
选项：
A:soma
B:greater wing
C:lesser wing
D:pterygoid process
E:squamous part
答案: 【squamous part】

12、 问题:Hypophysial fossa is located in
选项：
A:soma of sphenoid bone
B:greater wing of sphenoid bone
C:lesser wing of sphenoid bone
D:occipital bone
E:petrous part of temporal bone
答案: 【soma of sphenoid bone】

13、 问题:Vomer constitutes of the __ nasal septum.
选项：
A:anterior inferior part
B:anterior superior part
C:posterior inferior part
D:posterior superior part
E:right inferior part
答案: 【posterior inferior part】

14、 问题:Coronal suture is a kind of _
选项：
A:fibrous joint
B:cartilaginous joint
C:synostosis
D:synchondrosis
E:symphysis
答案: 【fibrous joint】

15、 问题:The connection between frontal bone and posterior parietal bone is 
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:lambdoid suture
C:sagittal suture
D:external occipital protuberance 
E:synostosis
答案: 【coronal suture】

16、 问题:The connection between bilateral parietal bones is
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:sagittal suture
C:lambdoid suture
D:external occipital protuberance
E:synostosis
答案: 【sagittal suture】

17、 问题:The connetion between bilateral parietal bones and occipital bone is
选项：
A:coronal suture
B:sagittal suture
C:lambdoid suture
D:external occipital protuberance
E:synostosis
答案: 【lambdoid suture】

18、 问题:The mental foramen is indicated by number
选项：
A:1
B:11
C:13
D:12
E:5
答案: 【13】

19、 问题:What does number 2 indicate in the following picture? 
选项：
A:the nasal bone
B:the sphenoid bone 
C:the vomer
D:the nasal septum
E:the ethmoid bone
答案: 【the nasal bone】

20、 问题:What does number 9 indicate in the following picture?
选项：
A:sphenoid bone
B:temporal bone
C:frontal bone
D:parietal bone 
E:occipital bone
答案: 【sphenoid bone】

21、 问题:In the coronal section of the head shown below, arrow 2 points to a structure that belongs to which of the following?
选项：
A:inferior nasal concha
B:maxillary bone
C:ethmoid bone
D:nasal septum
E:vomer bone
答案: 【ethmoid bone】

【作业】第5章 颅骨及其连接 Skull & joints

1、 问题:Please try to describe components of skull.
评分规则: 【 Skull (23 bones except 3 pairs of ossicles in middle ear) includes cerebral part and facial part.
Cerebral skull bones (8 bones) contain 1 frontal bone, 1 ethmoid bone, 1 sphenoid bone, 2 temporal bones, 1 occipital bone and 2 parietal bones.
Facial skull bones (15 bones) contain  a pair of maxillas, palatine bones, zygomatic bones, nasal bones, lacrimal bones and inferior nasal conchas, and single vomer, mandible and hyoid bone.
】

第6章 消化系统-消化道 Alimentary canal 练习

1、 问题:The palatine tonsil lies
选项：
A:in oral cavity
B:between palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch
C:in pharyngeal recess
D:in piriform recess
E:in posterior wall of pharynx
答案: 【between palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch】

2、 问题:Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube lies in 
选项：
A:nasopharynx
B:oro pharynx
C:laryngopharynx
D:epiglottic vallecula
E:inferior meatus
答案: 【nasopharynx】

3、 问题:The piriform recess lies in
选项：
A:nasopharynx
B:oropharynx
C:laryngopharynx
D:isthmus of fauces
E:vestibule of larynx
答案: 【laryngopharynx】

4、 问题:The major duodenal papilla lies in 
选项：
A:superior part of duodenum
B:descending part of duodenum
C:horizontal part of duodenum
D:ascending part of duodenum
E:duodenojejunal flexure
答案: 【descending part of duodenum】

5、 问题:The limitation of pyloric antrum and pyloric canal is 
选项：
A:angular notch
B:pyloric valve
C:cardiac incisure
D:intermedia sulcus
E:lesser curvature of stomach
答案: 【intermedia sulcus】

6、 问题:The duodenum does not include
选项：
A:superior part
B:descending part
C:transverse part
D:ascending part
E:duodenojejunal flexure
答案: 【transverse part】

7、 问题:The beginning of jejunum is
选项：
A:pylorus
B:angular notch
C:transverse part of duodenum 
D:duodenojejunal flexure
E:left colic flexure
答案: 【duodenojejunal flexure】

8、 问题:The dentate line is formed by 
选项：
A:anal canal
B:transverse fold of rectum 
C:anal columns
D:anal valves
E:anal sinus 
答案: 【anal valves】

9、 问题:Which structure does divide the peritoneal cavity into supracolic and infracolic compartment? 
选项：
A:lesser omentum
B:transverse mesocolon
C:greater omentum
D:suspensory ligament of duodenum
E:mesentery
答案: 【transverse mesocolon】

10、 问题:A 68-year-old woman is diagnosed with a posteriorabdominal wall tumor that has invaded the superiormesenteric plexus. Which structure will most likely be affected?
选项：
A:Ascending colon
B:Rectum
C:Stomach
D:Descending colon
E:Kidney
答案: 【Ascending colon】

11、 问题:Among below choices, which is false about isthmus of fauces?
选项：
A:Hard palate participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
B:Isthmus of fauces is the narrow part between oral cavity and pharynx.
C:Isthmus of fauces constitutes the boundary between oral cavity and pharynx.
D:Uvula participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
E:Root of tongue participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
答案: 【Hard palate participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.】

12、 问题:Which of the following is the largest internal organ?
选项：
A:the stomach 
B:the small intestine
C:the large intestine
D:lung
E:liver
答案: 【liver】

13、 问题:How long is a typical adult human oesophagus? 
选项：
A:approx. 25 cm (10 inches) 
B:approx. 30 cm (12 inches) 
C:approx. 35 cm (14 inches)
D:approx. 40 cm (16 inches)
E:approx. 20 cm (8 inches)
答案: 【approx. 25 cm (10 inches) 】

14、 问题:A surgeon performing an appendectomy makes an incision through the ventrolateral abdominal wall. The layers of the abdominal wall are shown below. 1.   internal oblique 2.   external oblique 3.   peritoneum 4.   transverses abdimonis Which of the following corresponds to the order of penetration of the abdominal wall?
选项：
A:1-3-4-2 
B:2-1-3-4
C:2-1-4-3
D:4-1-2-3
E:4-2-1-3
答案: 【2-1-4-3】

15、 问题:An otherwise healthy first-year medical student visits the student health office for a physical examination. He is taking to no medications. He is concerned because he has noticed several painless uniform"large bumps" at the surface of his tongue. These are most likely?
选项：
A:Aphthous ulcers
B:Candidal colonies
C:Circumvallate papillae
D:Filiform papillae
E:Fungiform papillae
答案: 【Circumvallate papillae】

16、 问题:A newborn boy does not pass meconium until 48 hours after his birth. Several weeks later his mother complains that he has not passing stool regularly. Anorectal manometry reveals increased on rectal distention with a balloon. The patient’s disorder may be attributed to
选项：
A:Defective recanalization of the colon
B:Failure of neural crest cells to migrate into the colonic wall
C:Herniation of abdominal contents into umbilical
D:Persistence of the proximal end of the yolk stalk
E:Presence of a rectourinary fistula
答案: 【Failure of neural crest cells to migrate into the colonic wall】

第6章 消化系统-消化道 Alimentary canal 测试

1、 问题:The palatine tonsil lies
选项：
A:in oral cavity
B:between palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch
C:in pharyngeal recess
D:in piriform recess
E:in posterior wall of pharynx
答案: 【between palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch】

2、 问题:Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube lies in 
选项：
A:nasopharynx
B:oro pharynx
C:laryngopharynx
D:epiglottic vallecula
E:inferior meatus
答案: 【nasopharynx】

3、 问题:The piriform recess lies in
选项：
A:nasopharynx
B:oropharynx
C:laryngopharynx
D:isthmus of fauces
E:vestibule of larynx
答案: 【laryngopharynx】

4、 问题:The major duodenal papilla lies in 
选项：
A:superior part of duodenum
B:descending part of duodenum
C:horizontal part of duodenum
D:ascending part of duodenum
E:duodenojejunal flexure
答案: 【descending part of duodenum】

5、 问题:The limitation of pyloric antrum and pyloric canal is 
选项：
A:angular notch
B:pyloric valve
C:cardiac incisure
D:intermedia sulcus
E:lesser curvature of stomach
答案: 【intermedia sulcus】

6、 问题:The duodenum does not include
选项：
A:superior part
B:descending part
C:transverse part
D:ascending part
E:duodenojejunal flexure
答案: 【transverse part】

7、 问题:The beginning of jejunum is
选项：
A:pylorus
B:angular notch
C:transverse part of duodenum 
D:duodenojejunal flexure
E:left colic flexure
答案: 【duodenojejunal flexure】

8、 问题:The dentate line is formed by 
选项：
A:anal canal
B:transverse fold of rectum 
C:anal columns
D:anal valves
E:anal sinus 
答案: 【anal valves】

9、 问题:Which structure does divide the peritoneal cavity into supracolic and infracolic compartment? 
选项：
A:lesser omentum
B:transverse mesocolon
C:greater omentum
D:suspensory ligament of duodenum
E:mesentery
答案: 【transverse mesocolon】

10、 问题:A 68-year-old woman is diagnosed with a posteriorabdominal wall tumor that has invaded the superiormesenteric plexus. Which structure will most likely be affected?
选项：
A:Ascending colon
B:Rectum
C:Stomach
D:Descending colon
E:Kidney
答案: 【Ascending colon】

11、 问题:A 27-year-old woman is admitted to the emergency department with markedly elevated temperature and abdominal pain. Physical examination initially indicates paraumbilical pain, but the site of origin of pain soon shifts to the right lower quadrant. A CT scan is shown in following picture. Which of the following structures is affected?
选项：
A:Right ovary
B:Appendix
C:Ileocecal junction
D:Ascending colon
E:Ileum
答案: 【Appendix】

12、 问题:Among below choices, which is false about isthmus of fauces?
选项：
A:Hard palate participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
B:Isthmus of fauces is the narrow part between oral cavity and pharynx.
C:Isthmus of fauces constitutes the boundary between oral cavity and pharynx.
D:Uvula participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
E:Root of tongue participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.
答案: 【Hard palate participates in composition of isthmus of fauces.】

13、 问题:Which of the following is the largest internal organ?
选项：
A:the stomach 
B:the small intestine
C:the large intestine
D:lung
E:liver
答案: 【liver】

14、 问题:How long is a typical adult human oesophagus? 
选项：
A:approx. 25 cm (10 inches) 
B:approx. 30 cm (12 inches) 
C:approx. 35 cm (14 inches)
D:approx. 40 cm (16 inches)
E:approx. 20 cm (8 inches)
答案: 【approx. 25 cm (10 inches) 】

15、 问题:Teeth
选项：
A:It consists of dentin, enamel and bone
B:The pulp is contained in the cavity
C:The first molars erupt first
D:Adults have 36 teeth
答案: 【The pulp is contained in the cavity】

16、 问题:Pharynx
选项：
A:It’s a circular muscular canal
B:Include nasopharynx，oropharynx and laryngopharynx
C:In front is the esophagus
D:In front of the 1-3th cervical vertebrae
答案: 【Include nasopharynx，oropharynx and laryngopharynx】

17、 问题:The third constriction of the esophagus was （  ） from the incisor
选项：
A:15cm
B:25cm
C:40cm
D:60cm
答案: 【40cm】

18、 问题:The first constriction of the esophagus was （  ） from the incisor
选项：
A:15cm
B:25cm
C:40cm
D:60cm
答案: 【15cm】

19、 问题:The second constriction of the esophagus was （  ） from the incisor
选项：
A:15cm
B:25cm
C:40cm
D:60cm
答案: 【25cm】

20、 问题:Which of the following does not belong to the lower digestive tract
选项：
A:duodenum
B:cecum
C:sigmoid
D:colon
答案: 【duodenum】

21、 问题:Jejunum
选项：
A:thiner in diameter and wallis thinner
B:color is not redder than ileum
C:has lesser vascular
D:only solitary lymphatic follicles
答案: 【only solitary lymphatic follicles】

22、 问题:Ileum
选项：
A:thiner in diameter and wallis thinner
B:color is redder than jejunum
C:has more vascular
D:only solitary lymphatic follicles
答案: 【thiner in diameter and wallis thinner】

23、 问题:（  ） is used to determine the origin of the jejunum during surgery
选项：
A:suspensory ligament of the duodenum
B:major duodenal papilla
C:pyloric canal
D:angular incisure
答案: 【suspensory ligament of the duodenum】

24、 问题:Stomach
选项：
A:In the middle filling, located in the right quarter rib region
B:The cardia is located at the right side of the 1st lumbar vertebra
C:The pylorus is located to the left of the 11th thoracic vertebra
D:The angular notch is the boundary between the body of the stomach and the pylorus
答案: 【The angular notch is the boundary between the body of the stomach and the pylorus】

25、 问题:The surface projection of the root of the appendix is
选项：
A:The junction of the umbilicus and the right anterior superior iliac spine at the middle and outer 1/3
B:The point of intersection of the umbilicus and the right anterior superior iliac spine at the middle and inner 1/3
C:Midpoint of the line connecting the anterior superior iliac spine on both sides
D:The middle and right 1/3 of the line connecting the two iliac nodules
答案: 【The junction of the umbilicus and the right anterior superior iliac spine at the middle and outer 1/3】

26、 问题:The following figure shows the amounts of water ingested and secreted daily into the GI tract by a healthy individual. Since about 100mL of water is excreted daily in the stool, which of the following volumes (in milliliter) best reflects the daily absorbed water in the indicated areas x, y and z of the GI tract? 
选项：
A:0 400 8500
B:0 8500 400
C:450 450 8000
D:450 8000 450
E:8000 450 450
答案: 【0 8500 400】

27、 问题:A 17-year-old male college student is brought to the emergency room, displaying vomiting, fever, and diarrhea. The patient reports that for a period of 24 hours prior to admission, he suffered from abdominal pain first centered around the navel and then moving inferiorly to the right. As the patient talks, you realize that he is gesturing toward McBurney’s point. You tentatively diagnose acute appendicitis and request emergency surgery. Accurate visual identification of the appendix during surgery can be verified by using which of the following landmarks?
选项：
A:bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
B:epiploic appendages
C:haustra
D:inferior border of the right kidney
E:taeniae coli
答案: 【taeniae coli】

28、 问题:The duodenum is divided into
选项：
A:superior part
B:descending part
C:horizontal part
D:ascending part
答案: 【superior part;
descending part;
horizontal part;
ascending part】

29、 问题:Special structures of the colon include
选项：
A:colic bands
B:haustra of colon
C:epiploicae appendices
D:pyloric valve
答案: 【colic bands;
haustra of colon;
epiploicae appendices】

30、 问题:The stomach is divided into
选项：
A:fund of stomach
B:body of stomach
C:pyloric part
D:cardiac part
答案: 【fund of stomach;
body of stomach;
pyloric part;
cardiac part】

31、 问题:Stomach ulcer is more common in the lesser curvature and antrum
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

32、 问题:Duodenal ulcers are mostly in the posterior wall of the first part of duodenum
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

【作业】第6章 消化系统-消化道 Alimentary canal

1、 问题:Digestive system is composed of alimentary canal and alimentary gland. Please try to write out the major organs of alimentary canal, and the subsection of stomach, duodenum, large intestine and colon. 
评分规则: 【 Alimentary canal refers to the tube from oral cavity to anus, including oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
subsection of stomach: cardiac part, fundus of stomach, body of stomach, pyloric part.
subsection of duodenum: superior part, descending part, horizontal part, ascending part.
subsection of large intestine: caecum, vermiform appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal.
subsection of colon: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon.
】

第7章 消化系统-消化腺 Digestive gland 练习

1、 问题:Which gland is not a major gland？
选项：
A:pancreas
B:parotid gland
C:gallbladder
D:sublingual gland
E:submandibular gland
答案: 【gallbladder】

2、 问题:The cystic duct joins which of the following duct to form the common bile duct?  
选项：
A:pancreatic duct
B:hepatic duct
C:common hepatic duct
D:hepatopancreatic ampulla
E:accessory pancreatic duct
答案: 【common hepatic duct】

3、 问题:Under nonpathological conditions the following structures can usually be palpated, EXCEPT
选项：
A:spleen
B:liver
C:descending abdominal aorta
D:right kidney
E:descending sigmoid colon
答案: 【spleen】

4、 问题:Which part of the small intestine do the bile and pancreatic ducts enter? 
选项：
A:the ileum 
B:the duodenum
C:the jejunum
D:the vermiform appendix
E:the caecum
答案: 【the duodenum】

5、 问题:The parotid duct opens into   
选项：
A:Cheek mucosa
B:Cheek mucosa near second molar of upper jaw
C:root of tongue
D:nasopharynx
E:isthmus of fauces
答案: 【Cheek mucosa near second molar of upper jaw】

6、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a salivary gland
选项：
A:parotid gland
B:submandibular gland
C:sublingual gland
D:pancreas
E:liver
答案: 【pancreas;
liver】

7、 问题:The largest organ in the human body is the 
选项：
A:large intestine
B:skin
C:liver
D:small intestine
E:lung
答案: 【skin】

8、 问题:A patient with a left adrenal mass is scheduled for surgery. The surgeon is   planning to approach the superarenal area by removing the twelfth rib. With this approach, the surgeon should take particular care to avoid damaging   which the following structure?
选项：
A:Aorta
B:Diaphragm
C:Pancreas
D:Stomach
答案: 【Diaphragm】

9、 问题:A 45-year-old man has an obvious mass on the right side of his face. It is   determined that he has a benign tumor of the parotid gland, and the tumor is   existed. After surgical excision of the tumor, it is noted that the patient’s   mouth droops on the right side and, when asked to smile, his smile is   asymmetrical and raise both eyebrows. Sensation is normal on both sides of   his face. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the findings?
选项：
A:Damage to branches of the mental nerve
B:Damage to branches of the inftaorbital nerve
C:Damage to branches of the facial nerve
D:Damage to branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve
答案: 【Damage to branches of the facial nerve】

第7章 消化系统-消化腺 Digestive gland 测试

1、 问题:Which gland is not a major gland？
选项：
A:pancreas
B:parotid gland
C:gallbladder
D:sublingual gland
E:submandibular gland
答案: 【gallbladder】

2、 问题:The true (physiological) left lobe of the liver is separated from the caudate lobe by the
选项：
A:gallbladder 
B:lesser omentum and ligamentum venosum 
C:right triangular ligament
D:left triangular ligament
E:none of the above
答案: 【gallbladder 】

3、 问题:The cystic duct joins which of the following duct to form the common bile duct?  
选项：
A:pancreatic duct
B:hepatic duct
C:common hepatic duct
D:hepatopancreatic ampulla
E:accessory pancreatic duct
答案: 【common hepatic duct】

4、 问题:Under nonpathological conditions the following structures can usually be palpated, EXCEPT
选项：
A:spleen
B:sternal angle
C:descending abdominal aorta
D:inguinal ligament
E:stomach
答案: 【spleen】

5、 问题:A 4-year-old male child is admitted to the hospital with severe vomiting. Radiologic examination and history taking reveals that the boy suffers from an annular pancreas. Which of the following structures is most typically obstructed by this condition?
选项：
A:Pylorus of the stomach
B:First part of the duodenum
C:Second part of the duodenum
D:Third part of the duodenum
E:Jejunum
答案: 【Second part of the duodenum】

6、 问题:Which part of the small intestine do the bile and pancreatic ducts enter? 
选项：
A:the ileum 
B:the duodenum
C:the jejunum
D:the vermiform appendix
E:the caecum
答案: 【the duodenum】

7、 问题:The parotid duct opens into   
选项：
A:Cheek mucosa
B:Cheek mucosa near second molar of upper jaw
C:root of tongue
D:nasopharynx
E:isthmus of fauces
答案: 【Cheek mucosa near second molar of upper jaw】

8、 问题:The opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla lied in 
选项：
A:Superior portion of duodenum 
B:pyloric antrum 
C:Calot’s triangle
D:major duodenal papilla
E:minor duodenal papilla
答案: 【major duodenal papilla】

9、 问题:which of following is NOT salivary glands？
选项：
A:parotid gland
B:submandibular gland
C:sublingual gland
D:pancreas
E:liver
答案: 【pancreas;
liver】

10、 问题:Hepatoduodenal ligament contains 
选项：
A:hepatic artery
B:splenic vein
C:hepatic portal vein
D:left gastric vein
E:celiac trunk
答案: 【hepatic portal vein】

11、 问题:The largest organ in the human body is the 
选项：
A:large intestine
B:skin
C:liver
D:small intestine
E:lung
答案: 【skin】

12、 问题:Gallbladder
选项：
A:Located below the right lobe of the liver in the gall bladder fossa
B:Produce bile
C:It is divided into three parts: gallbladder fund, gallbladder neck and gallbladder body
D:There are spiral folds in the gallbladder
答案: 【Located below the right lobe of the liver in the gall bladder fossa】

13、 问题:Pancreas
选项：
A:Endocrine only
B:The right kidney is posterior to the head of the pancreas
C:The tail of the pancreas is posterior to the spleen
D:At the level of the first or second lumbar spine, transverse to the posterior abdominal wall
答案: 【At the level of the first or second lumbar spine, transverse to the posterior abdominal wall】

14、 问题:Through the ampulla of Vater, the common bile duct and pancreatic duct open to （    ）
选项：
A:Upper duodenum
B:the descending part of the duodenum
C:the horizontal part of duodenum
D:the ascending part of the duodenum
答案: 【the descending part of the duodenum】

15、 问题:Which of the following is not considered part of the digestive system？
选项：
A:pancreas
B:spleen
C:cecum
D:vermiform appendix
答案: 【spleen】

16、 问题:pyloric stenosis will interfere most directly with the passage of materials from the（  ）
选项：
A:esophagus into the stomach
B:pharynx into the esophagus
C:stomach into the duodenum
D:ileum into cecum
答案: 【stomach into the duodenum】

17、 问题:Pancreas
选项：
A:It is the largest digestive gland in human body
B:The pancreas is divided into four parts: head, neck, body and tail
C:The pancreatic duct opens at the minor duodenal papilla
D:It’s only an exocrine gland
答案: 【The pancreas is divided into four parts: head, neck, body and tail】

18、 问题:The ducts of the submandibular gland open at
选项：
A:sublingual fold
B:sublingual caruncle
C:frenum linguae
D:lingual tonsil
答案: 【sublingual caruncle】

19、 问题:What are the following structures that do not belong in the hepatic hilum?
选项：
A:hepatic portal vein
B:arteria hepatica propria
C:left and right hepatic duct
D:common bile duct
答案: 【common bile duct】

20、 问题:Common bile duct
选项：
A:It is formed by the confluence of the left and right hepatic ducts
B:It is composed of the hepatic duct and the cystic duct
C:It descends behind the hepatoduodenal ligament
D:It opens directly into the upper duodenum
答案: 【It is composed of the hepatic duct and the cystic duct】

21、 问题:Which of the following statements concerning the stomach is false
选项：
A:it is the most dilated part of the digestive tube
B:lies in the left hypochondriac and epigastric of the abdomen
C:the cardiac orifice communicates with the esophagus
D:consists of the fundus and body of the stomach only
答案: 【consists of the fundus and body of the stomach only】

22、 问题:Arrow 4 in the figure is pointing to which of the following structures?
选项：
A:abdominal aorta
B:colon
C:liver
D:spleen
E:stomach
答案: 【spleen】

23、 问题:A 42-year-old female patient has to undergo emergency cholecystectomy due to intense biliary colic. The structure to be removed during the surgery is indicated in the figure by which of the following arrows?
选项：
A:1
B:2
C:3
D:4
E:5
答案: 【2】

24、 问题:What are the following salivary glands?
选项：
A: parotid gland 
B:submandibular gland
C:sublingual gland
D:tonsil
答案: 【 parotid gland ;
submandibular gland;
sublingual gland】

25、 问题:Which of the following is a digestive gland?
选项：
A:liver
B:kidney
C:pancreas
D:adrenal glands
答案: 【liver;
pancreas】

26、 问题:What are the following structures in the porta hepatic?
选项：
A:postcava
B:proper hepatic artery 
C: hepatic portal vein
D: hepatic duct
答案: 【proper hepatic artery ;
 hepatic portal vein;
 hepatic duct】

27、 问题:Which of the following ligaments lies on the diaphragmatic surface of the liver?
选项：
A:falciform ligament
B:coronary ligament
C:Ligamentum teres hepatis
D:ligamentum venosum
答案: 【falciform ligament;
coronary ligament】

28、 问题:Which of the following ligaments lies on the diaphragmatic surface of the liver?
选项：
A:falciform ligament
B:coronary ligament
C:Ligamentum teres hepatis
D:ligamentum venosum
答案: 【Ligamentum teres hepatis;
ligamentum venosum】

29、 问题:The gallbladder stores and secretes bile
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

第8章 呼吸系统 Respiratory system 练习

1、 问题:Ventricle of larynx is located
选项：
A:above vestibular fold
B:above vocal fold
C:below vocal fold 
D:laryngeal vestibule
E:infraglotic cavity
答案: 【above vocal fold】

2、 问题:The inferior margins of the lungs are correspondence with which rib at midclavicular line 
选项：
A:5th rib
B:6th rib
C:7th rib
D:8th rib
E:9th rib
答案: 【6th rib】

3、 问题:Whose inferior and anterior superficial area is known as Kiesselbach region?
选项：
A:Nasal septum
B:Maxillary sinus
C:Nasal vestibule
D:Superior nasal concha
E:Inferior nasal concha
答案: 【Nasal septum】

4、 问题:Approximately how many times does an average human breathe in one day? 
选项：
A:23000 times
B:2300 times
C:230 times 
D:230000 times
E:2300000 times
答案: 【23000 times】

5、 问题:What is the anatomical term for the area of the nose that separates the nostrils? 
选项：
A:the septum
B:the uvula 
C:the tragus 
D:the nasal limen
E:the nasal cavity proper
答案: 【the septum】