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【作业】Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Homework for Chapter 1

1、 问题:What are the design features of human language? Illustrate them with examples.
评分规则: 【 总分为100分。每个区别性特征各20分(定义、例子)每个区别性特征的定义、例子的解释说明完整、明确20分;每个区别性特征的定义解释明确,例子的解释较准确、但不完整15分;每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确,但例子的解释完整明确15分;每个区别性特征的定义解释不准确、例子的解释说明不完整10分;每个区别性特征只有定义的解释5分;另外,有对“区别性特征”术语的解释,加5分;语法错误和书写5分,酌情加减。

Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Test for Chapter 1

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be __.
选项:
A: prescriptive
B:analytic
C:descriptive
D: linguistic
答案: 【descriptive

2、 问题:Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
选项:
A:Arbitrariness
B:Displacement
C:Duality
D:Meaningfulness
答案: 【Meaningfulness

3、 问题:Modern linguistics regards the written language as ______.
选项:
A:primary
B:correct
C:secondary
D:stable
答案: 【secondary

4、 问题:In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because _____.
选项:
A:in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B:speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.
C:speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue.
D:All of the above
答案: 【All of the above

5、 问题:A historical study of language is a ____ study of language.
选项:
A:synchronic
B:diachronic
C:prescriptive
D:comparative
答案: 【diachronic

6、 问题:Saussure took a (n)_ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _____ point of view.
选项:
A:sociological…psychological
B:psychological…sociological
C:applied… pragmatic
D:semantic and linguistic
答案: 【sociological…psychological

7、 问题:According to F. de Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
选项:
A:parole
B:performance
C:langue
D:Language
答案: 【langue

8、 问题:Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between ___ and meanings.
选项:
A:sense
B:sounds
C:objects
D:ideas
答案: 【sounds

9、 问题:Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called___,
选项:
A: displacement
B: duality
C: flexibility
D:cultural transmission
答案: 【 displacement

10、 问题:The details of any language system is passed on from one generation to the next through ____ , rather than by instinct.
选项:
A:learning
B:teaching
C: books
D:both A and B
答案: 【both A and B

11、 问题: refers to the actual realization of the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterance.
选项:
A:Performance
B:Competence
C:Langue
D:Parole
答案: 【Performance

12、 问题:By function people establish and maintain their status in society.
选项:
A:metalingual
B:phatic
C:performative
D:interpersonal
答案: 【interpersonal

13、 问题:Knowing how to say something appropriate in a given situation and with exactly the effect you intend is a question of .
选项:
A:syntax
B:semantics
C:pragmatics
D:applied linguistics
答案: 【pragmatics

14、 问题:We can understand and produce an infinitely large number of sentences including sentences we have never heard before because language is .
选项:
A:creative
B:limitless
C:arbitrary
D:resourceful
答案: 【creative

15、 问题: answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.
选项:
A:Psycholinguistics
B:Anthropological linguistics
C:Sociolinguistics
D:Biolinguistics
答案: 【Psycholinguistics

16、 问题:Language is .
选项:
A:instinctive
B:non-instinctive
C:static
D:genetically transmitted
答案: 【non-instinctive

17、 问题:”Water boils at 100 degress centigrade.” The function of this sentence is .
选项:
A:phatic communion
B:informative
C:interpersonal
D:performative
答案: 【informative

18、 问题:”Nice day, isn’t it?” What is the function of this sentence?
选项:
A:Phatic
B:Informative
C:Performative
D:Emotive
答案: 【Phatic

19、 问题:Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
选项:
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确

20、 问题:Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
选项:
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误

21、 问题:A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks.
选项:
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误

22、 问题:In the study of linguistics, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts.
选项:
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确

23、 问题:General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.
选项:
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确

24、 问题:General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.

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